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Identity development


A) is a single, neat process.
B) takes place in bits and pieces.
C) happens cataclysmically.
D) involves making decisions once and for all.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Discuss the issue of ethnic identity in the third and later generations of immigrants.

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In the third and later generations, the ...

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Rites of passage


A) are nonexistent in the United States.
B) are on the increase in several African countries that are influenced by Western culture.
C) provide a forceful and discontinuous entry into the adult world.
D) to adulthood usually involve a reaffirmation of the individual's connection with the immediate family.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Nicola is under pressure from her family to decide on the course that she wants to study. She is interested in studying engineering but is not able to select the branch of engineering she wants to study. Her brothers are software engineers, and she feels that studying software engineering may be the right choice for her. However, she also seems interested in electrical engineering. In this scenario, Nicola is in the status of identity referred to as


A) identity confusion.
B) identity stagnation.
C) identity diffusion.
D) identity moratorium.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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How can parents help their adolescents develop the ability to attain autonomy, gain control over their behavior, and make mature decisions?

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Adolescents' ability to attain autonomy ...

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The largest increases in media use in early adolescence are for


A) electronic books and DVDs.
B) listening to music on MP3 players.
C) chatting with friends on cell phones.
D) TV and video games.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is true about the characteristics of a clique?


A) It is formed solely because adolescents engage in diverse activities.
B) The average number of people in a clique is eight to ten.
C) The members of a clique are usually of the same sex.
D) It is less personal than a crowd.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Joseph Allen and his colleagues found that adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report


A) feeling uncomfortable in other intimate relationships.
B) continuing financial dependence on their parents.
C) relationship competence and fewer problematic behaviors.
D) conflict in the relationship with their parents.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is true about identity development?


A) Synthesizing the identity components is a single, neat process in normal individuals.
B) Decisions about identity may take time, but once they are made, they are set for life.
C) Identity development occurs in a single, one-step process.
D) Identity encompasses an individual's personality characteristics.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Sita is a girl who lives in India; Suki is a girl who lives in Japan. They both have two older brothers. According to research, who is most likely to have better access to education?


A) Sita
B) Suki
C) They both have a poor chance at receiving an education.
D) They both have an equally good chance at receiving an education.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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In the context of the development of romantic relationships in adolescence, ________ comprise 17- to 19-year-olds who either say that they have had no experience with romantic relationships or say that they have not engaged in any romantic relationships that lasted more than 4 months.

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If a community wants to develop programs to help at-risk youths, an important component to include in the program would be


A) intensive individualized attention.
B) strong academic support.
C) community role models.
D) tactics to "scare teens straight."

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Based on the 2009 Kaiser Family Foundation survey, adding up the daily media use figures to obtain weekly media use leads to the staggering levels of more than ________ hours a week of media use by 11- to 14-year-olds.


A) 60
B) 20
C) 40
D) 100

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What is parental monitoring, and what are its advantages? In what circumstances are adolescents likely to feel more comfortable disclosing information to their parents?

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Monitoring includes supervising adolesce...

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Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erikson calls ________.


A) identity diffusion
B) unresolved identity
C) identity confusion
D) identity moratorium

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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In which situations are adolescents most likely to conform to peers?

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Around the eighth and ninth grades, conf...

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Mark is a 15-year-old boy who lives with his foster parents. He regularly gets into fights and arguments with his friends and family and is usually ignored by them. He starts to take drugs to cope with his loneliness and starts abusing drugs. He breaks into an elderly couple's house and steals money to buy drugs. In this scenario, Mark will most likely be labeled as a(n)


A) embezzler.
B) hacker.
C) juvenile delinquent.
D) cyber bully.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Identify the dual struggle often faced by immigrants to the United States.


A) to acculturate and take on a new identity
B) to work and take care of their children
C) to preserve their culture and resist change
D) to preserve identity and to acculturate

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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James Marcia defines ________ as a period of identity development during which an individual is exploring alternatives.


A) commitment
B) calling
C) conscientiousness
D) crisis

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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What term is used to describe a small group that ranges from 2 to about 12 individuals, averages about 5 to 6 individuals, and can form because adolescents engage in similar activities?

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