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In 1860, the typical white male American of the Old Northwest (today's Midwest) was


A) the owner of a family farm.
B) a marginal farmer.
C) a farmhand who did not own his own land.
D) an industrial worker.
E) an urban artisan.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The American Museum that showcased human oddities was opened by ________.

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Most American industry remained wedded to the most traditional source of power, which was


A) water.
B) kerosene.
C) coal.
D) gasoline.
E) wood.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A

In 1844, Samuel Morse showed off his invention by telegraphing news of Zachary Taylor's nomination for the presidency over the wires from Baltimore to Washington.

A) True
B) False

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The need to supply the United States military helped spur new innovations in machine tools and industry.

A) True
B) False

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In the 1820s and 1830s, the labor force for factory work in the United States


A) saw many skilled urban artisans move into factory jobs.
B) consisted mostly of European immigrants.
C) was reduced by dramatic improvements in agricultural production.
D) consisted mostly of European immigrants, saw many skilled urban artisans move into factory jobs, and ultimately was reduced by dramatic improvements in agricultural production.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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By 1860, the energy for industrialization in the United States increasingly came from


A) water.
B) kerosene.
C) coal.
D) gasoline.
E) wood.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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C

All the following factors inhibited the growth of labor unions EXCEPT


A) the large number of immigrant workers.
B) the political strength of industrial capitalists.
C) ethnic divisions among workers.
D) the question of whether to include women members.
E) a lack of labor union size sufficient to stage successful strikes.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Between 1840 and 1860, the South experienced a decline in its percentage of urban residents.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is true of the differences between canal and turnpike transportation?


A) Canal transportation was generally developed before turnpike transportation.
B) Canal construction was less expensive than turnpike construction.
C) Canal boats could haul vastly larger loads than could turnpike transports.
D) State governments gave little financial support to canal transportation.
E) Pennsylvania was the first to finance canal construction.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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In 1860, the percentage of the population in the South living in towns (places of 2,500 or more) or cities (8,000 or more) was


A) 5 percent.
B) 10 percent.
C) 15 percent.
D) 20 percent.
E) 33 percent.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The early union movement among skilled artisans


A) was weakened by the Panic of 1837.
B) was generally supported by state governments.
C) attempted to create one collective national trade union.
D) welcomed working women as members.
E) was strengthened by the influx of immigrant laborers.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Threshers appeared in large numbers after 1820, spurring much greater productivity in grain production.

A) True
B) False

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Until the Civil War, newspapers relied on mail transported by train for the exchange of news.

A) True
B) False

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False

The transition from farm life to factory life for women in pre-Civil War America was difficult at best and traumatic at worst.

A) True
B) False

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The pre-Civil War "cult of domesticity" left women increasingly detached from the public world.

A) True
B) False

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The Northwest considered itself the most democratic section of the country, but it was a democracy based on a defense of economic freedom and the rights of property.

A) True
B) False

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Before the 1830s, American corporations could be chartered only by


A) an act of Congress.
B) presidential executive order.
C) state legislatures.
D) a public vote.
E) a state governor.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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The building of the ________, which began in 1817, was the greatest construction project the United States had yet undertaken.

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Describe the immigrant experience in the United States in the 1830s and 1840s.

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