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Exam 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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Improvements in _____ memory in older adults ages 60 to 90 years were linked to sustained engagement in cognitively demanding, novel activities.

A) episodic
B) flashbulb
C) sensory
D) implicit

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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verified

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Question 72

Multiple Choice

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Explicit memory is also called _____ memory.

A) collective
B) procedural
C) declarative
D) false

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 73

Short Answer

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A focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or some other aspect of the environment.

Although Alicia has a great memory for trivia, she has difficulty remembering important events in her life. Alicia has good _____ memory but poor _____ memory.

Janice just met with her mother's doctor to learn more about _____. Apparently her mother is showing signs of it, and it is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease.

A recent study demonstrated improved executive function in females 50 to 75 years old who took:

Calvin and Vincent, both in their early seventies, are avid runners. Calvin would be content to stick with his aerobic activity, but Vincent insists that gerontologists recommend _____ training in addition to aerobic activity for older adults.

At the family dinners Peggy is getting to the age where she is overwhelmed by all the noise and chaos around her. She tries to ignore it and have a conversation, but her _____ attention isn't strong enough to filter out all the distractions.

Describe shrinking of the brain and give examples of the effects felt in the aging process.

Brain volume also decreases. One study found that the volume of the brain was 15% less in older adults than younger adults. Some areas shrink more than others. The prefrontal cortex is one area that shrinks with aging, and recent research has linked this shrinkage with a decrease in working memory and other cognitive activities in older adults. Scientists think they might result from a decrease in dendrites, damage to the myelin sheath that covers axons, or simply the death of brain cells.

_____ is a cognitive resource that involves the ability to perform tasks such as deciding whether pairs of two-digit or two-letter strings are the same or different or determining the time required to step on the brakes when the car directly ahead stops.

A disease of the eye that is characterized by damage to the optic nerve because of the pressure created by a buildup of fluid in the eye.

Gerry, 72 years old, is feeling sluggish and mentally cloudy because he is having trouble sleeping. After talking with his nurse practitioner, he learned that recent research has found that _____ improves the sleep profile of older adults.

Zack is having a conversation with his friend, Ben, in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of _____ attention.

Which of the following is an example of implicit memory?

Which of the following statements regarding smell and taste in the elderly is TRUE?

Which of the following is TRUE about attention?

Perceptual speed shows considerable decline in late adulthood and is strongly linked with declines in:

The expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgment about important matters.

Salina walks with a marked stoop now that she is old. This is most likely due to: