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Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

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Question 21

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Which of the following is a characteristic of reciprocal socialization?

A) It is sometimes referred to as "transactional."
B) It is usually a nonverbal activity.
C) It is unrelated to imitation.
D) It is unrelated to scaffolding.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

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Parker is in the Strange Situation. He shows little interaction with his caregiver. He isn't distressed upon separation and does not reestablish contact upon reunion. He would be classified as:

A) securely attached.
B) insecure avoidant.
C) insecure resistant.
D) insecure disorganized.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 23

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This ethological psychiatrist believes that both infants and their primary caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments.

According to John Bowlby, an infant's internal working model of attachment includes a simple mental model of the caregiver, their relationship, and:

John Bowlby argued that infants are biologically predisposed to form attachments, and by working through the phases they will develop a(n) _____ model of attachment.

A study done in 2013 found a link between high-quality infant-toddler care and

According to many developmental psychologists, soothing a crying infant will:

In which of the following phases of Bowlby's model of attachment does attachment become focused on one figure, usually the primary caregiver?

Which of the following statements about self-conscious emotions is true?

Aimee is visiting a friend who has a newborn. Aimee is enjoying holding the baby, and occasionally she thinks she may have prompted him to smile. According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, the baby's lack of attachment to one person indicates he is in:

Which concept helps the infant to understand that other people have intentions?

Higher maternal effortful control and positive emotionality has been linked to:

An infant's ability to crawl, walk, and eventually run is called:

While Kyle is in the hospital following a car accident, her infant daughter is staying with her sister. Kyle is worried that her sister will not give her daughter enough attention and immediate care when needed. Thinking back to her psychology class and Erikson's stages, Kyle is worried this experience will influence her daughter's development of:

In terms of managing and guiding 12-month-old infants' behavior, a 2006 study of discipline and corrective methods used by parents showed which method is MOST common for infants of this age?

Describe two ways the ability to crawl, walk, and run influence infants' social development and motivation.

Infants show _____ when they are in familiar settings.

Savina is low in activity level, somewhat negative in affect, and doesn't like novelty. How would Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas most likely describe her temperament?

Diego is in the Strange Situation with his caregiver; he explores the room and examines the toys that have been placed in it. He uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the room. He would be classified as:

Emotions are influenced by both _____ foundations and by personal experiences.