Question 1

The vestibular system is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  touch receptors and pain receptors.
B)  semicircular canals and otolith organs.
C)  chemical receptors and mechanoreceptors.
D)  taste receptors and smell receptors.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Why are people generally unable to distinguish color in their extreme peripheral vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  Receptors in the periphery are mostly rods.
B)  Receptors in the periphery are too close to the blind spot.
C)  Yellow pigments in the periphery filter out many wavelengths.
D)  Colored light is diffracted by the eyeball like a rainbow so it does not reach the periphery.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Why does a mosquito bite itch?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is similar to a placebo effect-you expect it to itch,so it does.
B)  Pain receptors are stimulated,because itch is a type of pain.
C)  Injured tissues release the chemical histamine,which causes an itching sensation.
D)  Receptors in the vestibular sense become active,and this is experienced as an itching sensation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Animal species with good color vision (such as most birds) generally have

Accepted Answer

A)  a relatively elongated eyeball.
B)  a relatively flattened eyeball.
C)  a high percentage of cones in the retina.
D)  a high percentage of rods in the retina.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which Gestalt principle causes you to group the "h" at the end of the first word in this sentence with the first word rather than seeing it as part of the second word?

Accepted Answer

A)  closure
B)  continuation
C)  proximity
D)  adaptationE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

The rods of the retina are

Accepted Answer

A)  more numerous in birds than in rats.
B)  less useful than cones for vision in dim light.
C)  more numerous in the periphery than in the fovea.
D)  important for holding the various parts of the eye together.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

A person is completely deaf in the left ear but has normal hearing in the right ear.Which aspect of hearing is most likely to be impaired in this person?

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to distinguish pitches of high-frequency sounds
B)  ability to distinguish pitches of low-frequency sounds
C)  ability to localize the source of a sound
D)  ability to hear changes in loudnessE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Dark adaptation causes changes in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sensory threshold
B)  Weber's law
C)  shape constancy
D)  the number of rodsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

What is the moon illusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seeing movement that isn't really there out of the corner of your eye on a moonlit night.
B)  Seeing the horizon moon as larger than the overhead moon.
C)  Perceiving faces on the surface of the moon when you look at a full moon.
D)  Seeing the moon move in one direction when clouds are actually moving in the other.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Closing the pain gates would be most expected following an increase in which of the substances below?

Accepted Answer

A)  substance P
B)  capsaicin
C)  endorphin
D)  naloxoneE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true of the cones in the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  more useful than rods in bright light but less useful in dim light
B)  responsible for color vision
C)  located mostly in the peripheral areas of the retina
D)  more numerous in the pigeon retina than in the rat retinaE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

A participant is asked to report every time he or she sees a faint light.If rewards are offered for correctly reporting the presence of the light,but no punishment for reporting it when it is absent,the participant will make many ____________________ but also many ____________________.
hits,false alarms

Accepted Answer

The answer of A participant is asked to report every...

Question 13

The loudness of a sound depends on which physical aspect of sound waves?

Accepted Answer

A)  velocity
B)  amplitude
C)  location
D)  frequencyE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

__________ is a condition in which a stimulus of one type,such as sound,also gives rise to another experience,such as color.

Accepted Answer

A)  Synesthesia
B)  Sensory additive process
C)  Schizophrenia sensory disorder
D)  MultithesiaE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

A neuron in the visual cortex becomes excited whenever light of a particular shape (such as a line) falls on a particular part of the retina.That neuron is said to be a

Accepted Answer

A)  visual constancy.
B)  feature detector.
C)  ganglion cell.
D)  basilar membraneE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

According to the trichromatic (Young-Helmholtz) theory,we perceive white when

Accepted Answer

A)  all three types of cones are equally active.
B)  both the red-green and the yellow-blue systems are at their neutral point.
C)  a cone produces impulses at a high,steady rate.
D)  cones fire impulses at the same rate as rods.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Investigations of supposed backward messages on rock records indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  such messages are perceived consciously and they exert strong and lasting effects on behavior.
B)  people resist such messages and generally do exactly the opposite of what the messages tell them to do.
C)  if such messages are present,they have no detectable effect on our behavior.
D)  such messages are perceived unconsciously and they exert strong and lasting effects on behavior.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Retinal disparity is

Accepted Answer

A)  the difference between the percentage of cones in the fovea and the periphery.
B)  the distance between the pupil and the retina.
C)  the difference between views seen by the left and right eyes.
D)  a distortion produced by irregularities in the curvature of the eye.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

The Gestalt psychologists described several principles of how we organize perceptions into meaningful wholes.Define the principles of (a)proximity, (b)similarity, (c)continuation,and (d)closure.

Accepted Answer

Proximity is the tendency to perceive ob...

Question 20

The retinex theory of color vision emphasizes the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetically determined differences among human observers.
B)  culturally determined differences among human observers.
C)  comparisons from what you see in different parts of the visual field.
D)  the ratio between the wavelengths of light and the intensity of the light.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Exam 4: Sensation and Perception

Retinal disparity is

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The retinex theory of color vision emphasizes the influence of

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Dark adaptation causes changes in which of the following?

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The vestibular system is composed of

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Closing the pain gates would be most expected following an increase in which of the substances below?

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Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The loudness of a sound depends on which physical aspect of sound waves?

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Why does a mosquito bite itch?

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What is the moon illusion?

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Animal species with good color vision (such as most birds) generally have

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According to the trichromatic (Young-Helmholtz) theory,we perceive white when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are people generally unable to distinguish color in their extreme peripheral vision?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is a condition in which a stimulus of one type,such as sound,also gives rise to another experience,such as color.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person is completely deaf in the left ear but has normal hearing in the right ear.Which aspect of hearing is most likely to be impaired in this person?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Gestalt psychologists described several principles of how we organize perceptions into meaningful wholes.Define the principles of (a)proximity, (b)similarity, (c)continuation,and (d)closure.

Correct AnswerverifiedProximity is the tendency to perceive ob...View AnswerShow Answer

Which Gestalt principle causes you to group the "h" at the end of the first word in this sentence with the first word rather than seeing it as part of the second word?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Investigations of supposed backward messages on rock records indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neuron in the visual cortex becomes excited whenever light of a particular shape (such as a line) falls on a particular part of the retina.That neuron is said to be a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true of the cones in the retina?

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The rods of the retina are

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Proximity is the tendency to perceive ob...
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