Question 1

Magazine training involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   reinforcement of successive approximations
B)   non-reinforcement of earlier response forms
C)   classical conditioning
D)   All of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Closer examination of Skinner's superstition experiment revealed that what appeared to be idiosyncratic behaviors was/were really

Accepted Answer

A)   instinctive drift.
B)   terminal and interim responses.
C)   pseudoconditioning.
D)   positive and negative reinforcers.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

According to behavioral systems theory,the periodicity of interim responses is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)   species-typical responses that reflect other sources of motivation when food is unlikely.
B)   early components of foraging behavior.
C)   adventitious reinforcement.
D)   pseudoconditioning.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

A negative contingency between a response and an appetitive stimulus is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)   positive reinforcement.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   punishment.
D)   omission training.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is not true about behavioral variability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reinforcement inevitably decreases behavioral variability.
B)   Behavioral variability can be the basis for instrumental reinforcement.
C)   Reinforcement can increase or decrease originality.
D)   Pigeons will generate novel pecking patterns if novelty is reinforced.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Lyle leaves the theater because the music in the show he is watching is too loud.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   positive reinforcement.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   punishment.
D)   omission training.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

When shaping the behavior of an organism,you must

Accepted Answer

A)   reinforce all responses.
B)   set each criterion so that at least some of the existing responses are reinforced.
C)   set each criterion so that only the response forms that exceed existing responses are reinforced.
D)   set each criterion so that most of the existing responses are reinforced.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In a discrete trial procedure,the researcher can measure all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   response rate.
B)   running speed.
C)   food preference.
D)   latency to leave the start box.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

What are the effects of a delay of reinforcement on instrumental learning and what causes these effects?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the effects of a delay...

Question 10

How can one measure instrumental behaviors? What are the indicators that learning is taking place?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can one measure instrumental behaviors? What...

Question 11

According to Skinner,superstitious behavior is due to

Accepted Answer

A)   an accidental positive response-reinforcer contingency.
B)   interim reinforcement.
C)   terminal reinforcement.
D)   adventitious reinforcement.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Thorndike determined that with extensive training,cats will open their mouths in order to gain release from a puzzle box,but will not give a bona fide yawn.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   proactive interference.
B)   belongingness.
C)   retroactive interference.
D)   stereotypy.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a response reinforcer relationship with good contingency but weak temporal contiguity?

Accepted Answer

A)   sending sweepstakes coupons to the clearinghouse
B)   putting a sandwich in the microwave to heat
C)   mailing three cereal box tops to receive a plastic toy
D)   being burned by a hot stoveE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

The cats in Thorndike's puzzle boxes were able to escape more quickly over successive trials.Thorndike interpreted this performance change to reflect

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus-outcome learning.
B)   stimulus-stimulus learning.
C)   stimulus-response learning.
D)   response-outcome learning.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

What was the purpose of Skinner's superstition experiment? What were the results,and how have those results been reinterpreted?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the purpose of Skinner's superstition...

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stella changes the oil in her car to avoid engine seizure.
B)   Mark hits his little brother because the brother broke Mark's bike.
C)   Suzie cries after losing the card game.
D)   Ed gets a gold star because he didn't act out.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is not an alternative explanation to the learned helplessness hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animals can perceive the contingency between their behavior and the delivery of a reinforcer.
B)   Animals learn to be inactive in response to shock during the exposure phase.
C)   Animals pay less attention to their actions due to inescapable shock.
D)   Animals perseverate in their responses following inescapable shock.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Describe how you would go about training a dog to open a refrigerator to fetch a can of soda.Make sure to include the details of the magazine training and shaping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how you would go about training...

Exam 5: Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

According to Skinner,superstitious behavior is due to

Correct Answer
verified

The cats in Thorndike's puzzle boxes were able to escape more quickly over successive trials.Thorndike interpreted this performance change to reflect

Correct Answer
verified

Closer examination of Skinner's superstition experiment revealed that what appeared to be idiosyncratic behaviors was/were really

Correct Answer
verified

Describe how you would go about training a dog to open a refrigerator to fetch a can of soda.Make sure to include the details of the magazine training and shaping.

Correct Answer
verified

What was the purpose of Skinner's superstition experiment? What were the results,and how have those results been reinterpreted?

Correct Answer
verified

What are the effects of a delay of reinforcement on instrumental learning and what causes these effects?

Correct Answer
verified

Thorndike determined that with extensive training,cats will open their mouths in order to gain release from a puzzle box,but will not give a bona fide yawn.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

In a discrete trial procedure,the researcher can measure all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

According to behavioral systems theory,the periodicity of interim responses is best explained by

Correct Answer
verified

A negative contingency between a response and an appetitive stimulus is also known as

Correct Answer
verified

Magazine training involves which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true about behavioral variability?

Correct Answer
verified

Lyle leaves the theater because the music in the show he is watching is too loud.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not an alternative explanation to the learned helplessness hypothesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

How can one measure instrumental behaviors? What are the indicators that learning is taking place?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a response reinforcer relationship with good contingency but weak temporal contiguity?

Correct Answer
verified

When shaping the behavior of an organism,you must

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

According to Skinner,superstitious behavior is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cats in Thorndike's puzzle boxes were able to escape more quickly over successive trials.Thorndike interpreted this performance change to reflect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Closer examination of Skinner's superstition experiment revealed that what appeared to be idiosyncratic behaviors was/were really

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how you would go about training a dog to open a refrigerator to fetch a can of soda.Make sure to include the details of the magazine training and shaping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the purpose of Skinner's superstition experiment? What were the results,and how have those results been reinterpreted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the effects of a delay of reinforcement on instrumental learning and what causes these effects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thorndike determined that with extensive training,cats will open their mouths in order to gain release from a puzzle box,but will not give a bona fide yawn.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a discrete trial procedure,the researcher can measure all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to behavioral systems theory,the periodicity of interim responses is best explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A negative contingency between a response and an appetitive stimulus is also known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Magazine training involves which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true about behavioral variability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lyle leaves the theater because the music in the show he is watching is too loud.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not an alternative explanation to the learned helplessness hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can one measure instrumental behaviors? What are the indicators that learning is taking place?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a response reinforcer relationship with good contingency but weak temporal contiguity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When shaping the behavior of an organism,you must

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified