Question 1

Which of the following is not a primary rule of association?

Accepted Answer

A)  contingency
B)  contiguity
C)  similarity
D)  contrastE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Why would one use an animal model of human behavior? What contributes to the validity of such studies? What precautions must be heeded while interpreting the data?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why would one use an animal model...

Question 3

Charles Darwin

Accepted Answer

A)  argued that nonhuman animals had the capacity for curiosity, attention, and aesthetic sensibility.
B)  provided compelling evidence for various forms of animal intelligence.
C)  suggested that physical but not psychological traits are the product of evolution.
D)  All of theseE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Why is learning defined in terms of the mechanisms of behavior rather than by a behavior change itself?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavior changes are short-lived; changes in the mechanisms are enduring.
B)  Behavior is due to many factors besides learning.
C)  Behavior does not change due to interaction with environmental stimuli.
D)  Behavior cannot be quantified; mechanisms can be.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Until depolarization, a neural membrane is relatively impermeable to

Accepted Answer

A)  Na + and K +
B)  K + and Ca ++
C)  Na + and Ca ++
D)  Ca ++ onlyE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

What has contributed to the evidence for the generality of learning phenomena?

Accepted Answer

A)  studies of many different phenomena in humans
B)  studies of many different phenomena in rats
C)  studies of similar forms of learning across species
D)  studies of similar forms of learning in humansE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Describe the different levels of analysis that can be employed in studies of learning and how they are related.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the different levels of analysis that...

Question 8

The concept of hedonism as the control for voluntary behavior was proposed by which philosopher?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotle
B)  Locke
C)  Hobbes
D)  BrownE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

The return of a neuron's interior to a relative negative voltage immediately following the peak of the action potential is due to primarily to movement of

Accepted Answer

A)  Na +.
B)  Ca ++.
C)  K +.
D)  Cl -.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Describe the rationale for using animal models to study human behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the rationale for using animal models...

Question 11

Which of the following is not true of the general-process approach to learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elemental processes are assumed to operate in a similar manner across learning situations.
B)  Evidence of learning in diverse species provides support for the general-process approach.
C)  The generality is assumed to exist in the contents and speed of learning.
D)  The generality is assumed to exist in elemental laws of association.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

All of the following are true of British empiricists except

Accepted Answer

A)  they believed that ideas were based on associations of simple sensory events.
B)  they conducted experiments to test the rules of association.
C)  they held that the mind was a blank slate at birth.
D)  they thought that sense experiences were the basis of knowledge.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Behavior changes due to learning

Accepted Answer

A)  can be short lived but must be due to interaction with the environment.
B)  must be enduring and due to interaction with the environment.
C)  must be enduring but must not depend on interaction with the environment.
D)  must be enduring and due to changes of stimulus conditions.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is true of the development of new drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Usually drug development occurs without the use of animal models.
B)  Animal models are only useful when developing drugs that do not affect cognition.
C)  Animal models cannot address human drug dependency.
D)  Drug development is not possible without animal models.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Briefly describe the two intellectual traditions that were stimulated by Cartesian dualism.How is each tradition represented in contemporary investigations of learning phenomena?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the two intellectual traditions that...

Question 16

The generation of new, previously unknown facts about behavior must come from

Accepted Answer

A)  computer modeling.
B)  studying live organisms.
C)  studying live humans.
D)  studying live non-humans.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The finding that gas infusions are not the cause of muscle contractions is best attributed to which of the following researchers?

Accepted Answer

A)  René Descartes
B)  Charles Bell
C)  Francois Magendie
D)  Francis GlissonE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Describe how historical developments in the study of the mind contributed to the contemporary study of learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how historical developments in the study...

Question 19

Compare the nativist and empiricist positions.How has each contributed to the theoretical underpinnings of the study of learning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the nativist and empiricist positions.How has...

Question 20

Procedural learning does not require

Accepted Answer

A)  an animal that can learn.
B)  awareness that learning has occurred.
C)  any training trials.
D)  antecedent stimuli.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Introduction

The concept of hedonism as the control for voluntary behavior was proposed by which philosopher?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how historical developments in the study of the mind contributed to the contemporary study of learning.

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Behavior changes due to learning

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Describe the different levels of analysis that can be employed in studies of learning and how they are related.

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Compare the nativist and empiricist positions.How has each contributed to the theoretical underpinnings of the study of learning?

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Which of the following is true of the development of new drugs?

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Describe the rationale for using animal models to study human behavior.

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Which of the following is not a primary rule of association?

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Briefly describe the two intellectual traditions that were stimulated by Cartesian dualism.How is each tradition represented in contemporary investigations of learning phenomena?

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Why would one use an animal model of human behavior? What contributes to the validity of such studies? What precautions must be heeded while interpreting the data?

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The generation of new, previously unknown facts about behavior must come from

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The return of a neuron's interior to a relative negative voltage immediately following the peak of the action potential is due to primarily to movement of

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Charles Darwin

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Which of the following is not true of the general-process approach to learning?

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All of the following are true of British empiricists except

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The finding that gas infusions are not the cause of muscle contractions is best attributed to which of the following researchers?

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What has contributed to the evidence for the generality of learning phenomena?

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Why is learning defined in terms of the mechanisms of behavior rather than by a behavior change itself?

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Until depolarization, a neural membrane is relatively impermeable to

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Procedural learning does not require

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