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The essential circuits for eyeblink conditioning appear to be located in the


A) hippocampus.
B) cerebral cortex.
C) cerebellum.
D) corpus callosum.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Why is an excitatory context necessary for inhibitory conditioning? Describe two inhibitory conditioning procedures and identify the excitatory context in each procedure.

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A sign reading "out of gas" at a restaurant does not cause the frustration of the same sign at a service station because of which choice below?


A) The restaurant is excitatory.
B) The excitatory context is missing at the restaurant.
C) The excitatory context is missing at the service station.
D) The restaurant is inhibitory.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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A rat is exposed to a three-second red-light stimulus.A short while later, a food pellet is delivered to the rat.This is an example of


A) short-delayed conditioning.
B) trace conditioning.
C) backward conditioning.
D) long-delayed conditioning.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Inhibitory conditioning depends on an excitatory context, whereas excitatory conditioning depends on


A) an inhibitory context.
B) an excitatory context.
C) an explicitly unpaired control.
D) None of the above

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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To measure conditioned inhibition in non-bidirectional response systems, you could use


A) the response blocking test.
B) the differential-inhibition test.
C) the compound-stimulus test.
D) the compound-inhibitory test.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The most frequently used procedure for Pavlovian conditioning is


A) trace conditioning.
B) simultaneous conditioning.
C) short-delayed conditioning.
D) long-delayed conditioning.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Instances in which exposure to the US is sufficient to create CR-like responses to the CS are called


A) pseudo-conditioning.
B) habituation.
C) pseudo-habituation.
D) Pavlovian conditioning.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is not a measure of classically conditioned responding?


A) counting the number of drops of saliva elicited by a bell tone
B) counting the number of lever presses made to receive food
C) counting how often a rabbit blinks when a tone sounds
D) counting the time that elapses between presentation of a tone and a rabbit's eyeblink

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What are the five common procedures for classical conditioning? Provide an example from common human experience that illustrates the CS-US timing of each procedure.

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After giving your cat fish-shaped treats time and time again, you notice the cat begins to salivate at the sight of the fish-shaped snack.This is an example of


A) differential learning.
B) sequential learning.
C) taste aversion learning.
D) object learning.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In a bidirectional response system, subjects move away from an excitatory CS.You expect the subjects to In a bidirectional response system, subjects move away from an excitatory CS.You expect the subjects to   an inhibitory CS. A) move away from B) approach C) show inhibition of delay to D) It cannot be determined. an inhibitory CS.


A) move away from
B) approach
C) show inhibition of delay to
D) It cannot be determined.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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What is pseudo-conditioning? Describe two control procedures that help to differentiate true conditioning from pseudo-conditioning.

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In eyeblink conditioning, the CS information is conveyed in the cerebellum via which of the following?


A) climbing fibers
B) mossy fibers
C) cranial motor neurons
D) olivary neurons

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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In eyeblink conditioning, the US information is conveyed in the cerebellum via


A) mossy fibers.
B) auditory neurons.
C) climbing fibers.
D) pontine neurons.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The cells that act as "teachers" selecting the connections to be modified in the cerebellum due to eyeblink conditioning are which of the following?


A) the climbing fibers
B) the mossy fibers
C) the cells of the red nucleus
D) the cells of the hippocampus

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Taste aversion learning can occur under which of the following circumstances?


A) after just one CS-US pairing
B) only if the subject is hungry
C) only with very long delays between the CS and US
D) only with tastes the subject knows well

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In studies of sexual sign tracking in male Japanese quail, what happens when the CS is separated from the hen delivery door?


A) Males switch from sign tracking to goal tracking if they must travel more than 6 inches.
B) Males switch from sign tracking to goal tracking if they must travel more that 6 feet.
C) Males sign track even at distances greater than 6 feet.
D) Males always goal track.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Pairing repeated presentations of a photograph of a water can with subsequent presentations of a photograph of a flower on a computer screen is likely to


A) have little effect on the conscious judgment of causality in normal human adults.
B) affect informal judgments of causality in human adults, and will likely share features common to Pavlovian conditioning.
C) affect informal judgments of causality in human adults, but in spite of surface similarities, does not have the features common to Pavlovian conditioning.
D) impact judgments of causality in only well trained human subjects with experience in the experimental setting.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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