Question 1

Lesioning the amygdala results in

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated learning about CSs that predict shock only.
B)  facilitated learning about CSs that predict any aversive event.
C)  disrupted learning about aversive events.
D)  none of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A rat is given 20 exposures to a red light cue.Then, the red light is presented paired with food delivery.Compared to a rat that did not receive the initial 20 exposures, this rat took a long time to develop a CR to the red light.The slower learning is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the US-preexposure effect.
B)  the latent-inhibition effect.
C)  the latent-excitation effect.
D)  the CS relevance effect.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, extinction is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning a new association
B)  imposing an inhibitory stimulus on an excitatory stimulus
C)  undoing a conditioned association
D)  a process of habituationE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

A major difference between attentional models and the Rescorla-Wagner model is described by which of the following choices?

Accepted Answer

A)  In attentional models, US surprisingness has only a proactive influence on conditioning.
B)  In the Rescorla-Wagner model, US surprisingness has only a proactive influence on conditioning.
C)  Attentional models are US-reduction theories.
D)  The Rescorla-Wagner model cannot predict blocking on the first trial of Phase 2 of the blocking experiment.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D) A

Question 5

Which is true in a sensory preconditioning experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the US elicits a strong, relevant response.
B)  Only the CS elicits a strong, relevant response.
C)  Neither of the stimuli being associated elicits a strong relevant response.
D)  Both of the stimuli being associated elicit a strong relevant response.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of preexposure to the CS or the US?

Accepted Answer

A)  has little effect on later associative learning
B)  facilitates later associative learning
C)  retards later associative learning
D)  CS-preexposure facilitates later associative learning; US preexposure retards later learning.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

US-devaluation experiments suggest that for many first-order conditioning procedures, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The stimulus-substitution model is correct.
B)  The CS activates the CR directly.
C)  The CS activates the UR directly.
D)  The CS activates a US representation.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

In what respects are attentional theories of learning different from other theories?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what respects are attentional theories of...

Question 9

Compare the relative-waiting-time hypothesis and the comparator hypothesis.Include the similarities and differences
of the theories and each theory's strengths and weaknesses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the relative-waiting-time hypothesis and the comparator...

Question 10

The Rescorla-Wagner model assigns the associative value of to a stimulus that is a fully conditioned inhibitor.

Accepted Answer

A)  lambda
B)  1/2 lambda
C)  0
D)  lambda.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Detail how the CS, the US, and the timing of the presentation of these stimuli can affect classically conditioned responding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Detail how the CS, the US, and...

Question 12

Attempts to sexual condition fish and quail suggest

Accepted Answer

A)  that while responses to CSs change with conditioning, responding to the US is relatively constant.
B)  that the sexual behavior system is strongly tied to genetics not to learning factors.
C)  that conditioning results in changes in responding to the US in appetitive situations.
D)  that conditioning results in changes in responding to the US only in aversive situations.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Your friend plans to autoshape her goldfish to swim up to a hoop (the CS) .You recommend using a US that

Accepted Answer

A)  is very familiar to the fish.
B)  that is slightly aversive to the fish.
C)  that is relatively novel to the fish.
D)  that is very aversive to the fish.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following is a challenge to the stimulus substitution model?

Accepted Answer

A)  If a rat is used as a CS for another rat in a food conditioning experiment, the subject rat will gnaw on the CS rat.
B)  If a rat is used as a CS for another rat in a food conditioning experiment, the subject rat will approach and taste the CS rat.
C)  If a rat is used as a CS for another rat in a food conditioning experiment, the subject rat show affiliative response to the CS rat.
D)  If a rat is used as a CS for another rat in a food conditioning experiment, the subject rat will bite the CS rat.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Using the Rescorla-Wager model, predict ∆V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is lambda and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is lambda.

Accepted Answer

A)  lambda
B)  1/2 lambda
C)  0
D)  < 0E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Using the Rescorla-Wager model, predict ∆V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is 1/2 lambda and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is 1/2 lambda.

Accepted Answer

A)  0
B)  1/4 lambda
C)  1/2 lambda
D)  lambdaE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following regions organizes active defensive behaviors needed for fight and flight?

Accepted Answer

A)  the dorsolateral PAG
B)  the ventral PAG
C)  the hippocampus
D)  the pontine nucleusE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

What is the blocking effect? Provide two theoretical mechanisms for the blocking effect.

Accepted Answer

Answer not provided

Question 19

Belongingness effects have been demonstrated to reflect which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  extensive experience with the stimuli
B)  sensitization effects of CS preexposure
C)  sensitization effects of US preexposure
D)  genetic predispostionsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Thirsty pigeons are presented with keylight-water pairings and begin to peck the keylight.Once keypecking develops, the birds are allowed to drink freely.Their keypeck behavior drops off dramatically.This suggests their response to the key is mediated by

Accepted Answer

A)  S-S learning.
B)  S-R learning.
C)  second-order conditioning.
D)  R-R learning.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D) A

Exam 4: Classical Conditioning

Lesioning the amygdala results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A rat is given 20 exposures to a red light cue.Then, the red light is presented paired with food delivery.Compared to a rat that did not receive the initial 20 exposures, this rat took a long time to develop a CR to the red light.The slower learning is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, extinction is which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major difference between attentional models and the Rescorla-Wagner model is described by which of the following choices?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which is true in a sensory preconditioning experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a function of preexposure to the CS or the US?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

US-devaluation experiments suggest that for many first-order conditioning procedures, which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what respects are attentional theories of learning different from other theories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare the relative-waiting-time hypothesis and the comparator hypothesis.Include the similarities and differences of the theories and each theory's strengths and weaknesses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Rescorla-Wagner model assigns the associative value of to a stimulus that is a fully conditioned inhibitor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Detail how the CS, the US, and the timing of the presentation of these stimuli can affect classically conditioned responding.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attempts to sexual condition fish and quail suggest

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend plans to autoshape her goldfish to swim up to a hoop (the CS) .You recommend using a US that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a challenge to the stimulus substitution model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using the Rescorla-Wager model, predict ∆V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is lambda and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is lambda.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using the Rescorla-Wager model, predict ∆V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is 1/2 lambda and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is 1/2 lambda.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regions organizes active defensive behaviors needed for fight and flight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the blocking effect? Provide two theoretical mechanisms for the blocking effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer not provided

Belongingness effects have been demonstrated to reflect which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thirsty pigeons are presented with keylight-water pairings and begin to peck the keylight.Once keypecking develops, the birds are allowed to drink freely.Their keypeck behavior drops off dramatically.This suggests their response to the key is mediated by

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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