Question 1

A group of researchers wanted to investigate allegations of sexual harassment on a company's assembly line. To make their observations, the researchers took jobs working on the assembly line and pretended to be new employees. In this example, the researchers were using

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation.
B)  correlational research. ​
C)  survey research. ​
D)  the case study method of research. ​E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

A group of researchers wants to determine if people are more likely to follow directions if the person giving the directions is wearing a uniform. Half the participants are directed to a parking spot by a uniformed security guard; the other half are directed to a parking spot by an individual wearing blue jeans and a t-shirt. In this study, the dependent variable would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of participants who park in the spot they are directed to.
B)  type of clothing worn by the person giving the directions.
C)  gender of the person driving into the parking lot.
D)  distance between the parking spot and the entrance.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Explain what makes psychology a science. ​

Accepted Answer

Scientists assume that there are constan...

Question 4

Placebos are used in research to control for ​

Accepted Answer

A)  nontreatment effects. ​
B)  the subjects' expectations about treatment.
C)  secondary drug effects.
D)  random fluctuations in the independent variable.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

A variable, other than the independent variable, that appears to have influenced the dependent variable in a study is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  covariate.
B)  extraneous variable.
C)  redundant variable.
D)  inverse bias.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

When two variables are linked and their individual effects cannot be isolated, we speak of the variables as being

Accepted Answer

A)  independent.
B)  dependent.
C)  confounded.
D)  codependent.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 7

With regard to the topic of deception in research with human subjects, which of the following is MOST accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers are careful to avoid deceiving subjects.
B)  Some topics could not be investigated unless deception was used. ​
C)  It has been empirically demonstrated that deception causes severe distress. ​
D)  All psychological research must involve some deception. ​E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

List and describe four ethical principles from the APA code of conduct for psychologists. ​

Accepted Answer

The APA ethical guidelines are meant to ...

Question 9

Mackenzie took part in an experiment where she was told she would be required to sit alone in a darkened room for 30 minutes, after which she would be asked to complete a brief questionnaire about her future goals and plans. When she finished the questionnaire, she was told the experiment was over. Mackenzie never really understood the purpose of the study, and she wasn't sure why she had to wait in the darkened room before filling out the short questionnaire. In this case, it would appear that the researchers who conducted the experiment ​

Accepted Answer

A)  did not use an adequate debriefing procedure.
B)  failed to obtain informed consent. ​
C)  violated Mackenzie's right to privacy. ​
D)  did not provide adequate protection from harm. ​E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The use of reinforcement principles to modify a child's unruly behavior reflects the goal of science that deals with

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding and prediction.
B)  measurement and description.
C)  determinism and teleologic.
D)  application and control.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

Mrs. Smith, an elementary school teacher, believes that girls are smarter than boys. She predicts that the girls in her class will learn more than the boys during the school year. Her prediction is a(n)  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis.
B)  opinion. ​
C)  fact. ​
D)  theory. ​E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In an investigation of the effects of caffeine on concentration, half the participants were given regular colas that contained caffeine and half were given decaffeinated colas. In this study, the decaffeinated colas are being used as ​

Accepted Answer

A)  a confounding variable.
B)  a random factor. ​
C)  the dependent variable. ​
D)  a placebo. ​E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between the two variables being measured?

Accepted Answer

A)  +.65
B)  - .89.
C)  .00.
D)  +3.45E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

In experimental research, subjects in the _____ group receive some special treatment with regard to the independent variable while subjects in the _____ group do not.

Accepted Answer

A)  control; experimental
B)  experimental; control
C)  primary; secondary
D)  secondary; primaryE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

The research method that is often used to obtain information concerning individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and\or opinions is the ​

Accepted Answer

A)  case study method.
B)  naturalistic observation method. ​
C)  correlation method. ​
D)  survey method. ​E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person's toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have ​

Accepted Answer

A)  small toes.
B)  large toes. ​
C)  medium-sized toes. ​
D)  either very large or very small toes. ​E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

A disadvantage of an experiment measuring annoyance thresholds in drivers using a driving simulation may be

Accepted Answer

A)  the inability to generate cause-and-effect conclusions.
B)  the artificial, contrived situations in which the experiment is conducted.
C)  the length of time necessary to complete the study.
D)  ethical considerations.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

When studying a research question where it would be impractical to manipulate the variables of interest, a researcher would use a(n)  _____ method.

Accepted Answer

A)  logical
B)  common sense
C)  experimental
D)  descriptive\correlationalE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following reasons for conducting psychological research with animals is MOST controversial?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animals can live in research labs 24 hours a day, which would not be practical for human subjects.
B)  Animals can be exposed to treatments that would be unacceptable for human exposure .
C)  Psychologists desire to understand and explain the behavior of certain species of animals .
D)  Psychologists believe that the results of animal research can help identify general principles of behavior that are relevant to humans .E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu) . MOST likely, he will use correlational research for the study because

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational studies are always the "first choice" of researchers.
B)  it is not practical or ethical to manipulate people's smoking behavior.
C)  correlational studies allow the researcher to draw strong cause-and-effect conclusions.
D)  the university does not allow smoking in the psychology building.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

When studying a research question where it would be impractical to manipulate the variables of interest, a researcher would use a(n) _____ method.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between the two variables being measured?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu) . MOST likely, he will use correlational research for the study because

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Placebos are used in research to control for

Correct Answer
verified

Explain what makes psychology a science.

Correct Answer
verified
Scientists assume that there are constan...
View Answer

With regard to the topic of deception in research with human subjects, which of the following is MOST accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

List and describe four ethical principles from the APA code of conduct for psychologists.

Correct Answer
verified
The APA ethical guidelines are meant to ...
View Answer

In experimental research, subjects in the _ group receive some special treatment with regard to the independent variable while subjects in the _ group do not.

Correct Answer
verified

Mrs. Smith, an elementary school teacher, believes that girls are smarter than boys. She predicts that the girls in her class will learn more than the boys during the school year. Her prediction is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

When two variables are linked and their individual effects cannot be isolated, we speak of the variables as being

Correct Answer
verified

A disadvantage of an experiment measuring annoyance thresholds in drivers using a driving simulation may be

Correct Answer
verified

In an investigation of the effects of caffeine on concentration, half the participants were given regular colas that contained caffeine and half were given decaffeinated colas. In this study, the decaffeinated colas are being used as

Correct Answer
verified

The research method that is often used to obtain information concerning individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and\or opinions is the

Correct Answer
verified

A variable, other than the independent variable, that appears to have influenced the dependent variable in a study is referred to as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person's toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have

Correct Answer
verified

The use of reinforcement principles to modify a child's unruly behavior reflects the goal of science that deals with

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following reasons for conducting psychological research with animals is MOST controversial?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A group of researchers wanted to investigate allegations of sexual harassment on a company's assembly line. To make their observations, the researchers took jobs working on the assembly line and pretended to be new employees. In this example, the researchers were using

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

When studying a research question where it would be impractical to manipulate the variables of interest, a researcher would use a(n) _____ method.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between the two variables being measured?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu) . MOST likely, he will use correlational research for the study because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Placebos are used in research to control for ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain what makes psychology a science. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedScientists assume that there are constan...View AnswerShow Answer

With regard to the topic of deception in research with human subjects, which of the following is MOST accurate? ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List and describe four ethical principles from the APA code of conduct for psychologists. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedThe APA ethical guidelines are meant to ...View AnswerShow Answer

In experimental research, subjects in the _____ group receive some special treatment with regard to the independent variable while subjects in the _____ group do not.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mrs. Smith, an elementary school teacher, believes that girls are smarter than boys. She predicts that the girls in her class will learn more than the boys during the school year. Her prediction is a(n) ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When two variables are linked and their individual effects cannot be isolated, we speak of the variables as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disadvantage of an experiment measuring annoyance thresholds in drivers using a driving simulation may be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an investigation of the effects of caffeine on concentration, half the participants were given regular colas that contained caffeine and half were given decaffeinated colas. In this study, the decaffeinated colas are being used as ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research method that is often used to obtain information concerning individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and\or opinions is the ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A variable, other than the independent variable, that appears to have influenced the dependent variable in a study is referred to as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person's toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of reinforcement principles to modify a child's unruly behavior reflects the goal of science that deals with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following reasons for conducting psychological research with animals is MOST controversial?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of researchers wanted to investigate allegations of sexual harassment on a company's assembly line. To make their observations, the researchers took jobs working on the assembly line and pretended to be new employees. In this example, the researchers were using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Placebos are used in research to control for

Correct Answer
verified

Explain what makes psychology a science.

Correct Answer
verified
Scientists assume that there are constan...
View Answer

With regard to the topic of deception in research with human subjects, which of the following is MOST accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

List and describe four ethical principles from the APA code of conduct for psychologists.

Correct Answer
verified
The APA ethical guidelines are meant to ...
View Answer

In experimental research, subjects in the _ group receive some special treatment with regard to the independent variable while subjects in the _ group do not.

Correct Answer
verified

Mrs. Smith, an elementary school teacher, believes that girls are smarter than boys. She predicts that the girls in her class will learn more than the boys during the school year. Her prediction is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In an investigation of the effects of caffeine on concentration, half the participants were given regular colas that contained caffeine and half were given decaffeinated colas. In this study, the decaffeinated colas are being used as

Correct Answer
verified

The research method that is often used to obtain information concerning individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and\or opinions is the

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person's toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified