Question 1

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures ​

Accepted Answer

A)  is justified if the research design requires the harmful or painful procedures.
B)  is justified for lower animals but not for primates. ​
C)  cannot be justified unless the potential benefits of the research are substantial. ​
D)  is never justified. ​E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable ​

Accepted Answer

A)  held constant across the experimental conditions.
B)  deliberately manipulated by the experimenter. ​
C)  thought to be affected by manipulation of another variable. ​
D)  that the experimenter is depending on to cause something to happen in the experiment. ​E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are positively correlated.
B)  the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are negatively correlated.
C)  students who do poorly on the first midterm give up and study less for the final exam.
D)  Dr. Barton should change the final exam so it is fairer to students who are not doing well in the course.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating ​

Accepted Answer

A)  a direct correlation between the two variables.
B)  a negative correlation between the two variables. ​
C)  a positive correlation between the two variables. ​
D)  no correlation between the two variables. ​E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When individuals in a research study experience...

Question 6

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator ​

Accepted Answer

A)  systematically observes two variables to see whether there is an association between them.
B)  manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result. ​
C)  exposes subjects to two closely related treatment conditions. ​
D)  simultaneously manipulates two or more independent variables. ​E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Completing an in-depth study of a member...

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  They tend to be vague and ambiguous.
B)  They often tolerate contradictory generalizations .
C)  They usually involve little effort to verify ideas or detect errors .
D)  They are typically based on precise definitions and hypotheses .E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable ​

Accepted Answer

A)  are different from the scores on the second variable.
B)  cause or determine the scores on the second variable. ​
C)  are related to scores on the second variable. ​
D)  are unrelated to scores on the second variable. ​E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

Accepted Answer

A)  The search for truth
B)  Application and control
C)  Measurement and description
D)  Understanding and predictionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Imagine that a group of researchers conducted a single-blind study designed to test the effectiveness of subliminal-message weight-loss tapes. Suppose the researchers found that everyone lost weight during the study, even those who were given tapes without any subliminal messages. This type of result would ​

Accepted Answer

A)  indicate that the independent and dependent variables are negatively correlated.
B)  provide evidence that subliminal tapes are effective in promoting weight loss. ​
C)  be evidence of a placebo effect. ​
D)  be evidence that the study contained confounding variables. ​E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 12

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  H ypothesis
B)  Day of the week
C)  Exercise
D)  Mood (degree of happiness) E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

Accepted Answer

A)  C riterion-based induction
B)  Case studies
C)  Surveys
D)  Naturalistic observationE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Accepted Answer

Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...

Question 15

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other? ​

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is the more powerf...

Question 16

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Understanding and prediction
B)  Description and understanding
C)  Description and prediction
D)  Prediction and applicationE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraneous
B)  random
C)  dependent
D)  independentE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  data collection techniques.
B)  operational definitions.
C)  research methods.
D)  hypotheses.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _____, and her prediction is an example of a(n)  _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis; theory
B)  theory; hypothesis
C)  variable; application
D)  hypothesis; variableE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

A researcher is studying the effects of room temperature on ability to quickly solve math problems.  She first has participants solve ten math problems in a room with the temperature set at 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Then she has the same participants solve ten new math problems with the room temperature set at 90 degrees. In this case, the group of participants is serving as its own _____ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental
B)  control
C)  extraneous
D)  operationalE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research.

Correct Answer
verified

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Correct Answer
verified

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures

Correct Answer
verified

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

Correct Answer
verified

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable

Correct Answer
verified

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

Correct Answer
verified

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator

Correct Answer
verified

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Correct Answer
verified
Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...
View Answer

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Correct Answer
verified

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other?

Correct Answer
verified
Experimental research is the more powerf...
View Answer

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _____, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Correct AnswerverifiedPro: Relatively few psychological studie...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other? ​

Correct AnswerverifiedExperimental research is the more powerf...View AnswerShow Answer

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research.

Correct Answer
verified

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable

Correct Answer
verified

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other?

Correct Answer
verified
Experimental research is the more powerf...
View Answer