Question 1

The _____ neural pathway has been characterized as a "reward pathway" that is believed to be responsible for the reinforcing effects of most abused drugs.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortical
B)  medulla-pons
C)  mesolimbic dopamine
D)  hypothalamus dopamineE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The procedure used by a hypnotist that relaxes an individual and narrows attention is called a hypnotic

Accepted Answer

A)  induction.
B)  trance.
C)  dissociation.
D)  deduction.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following statements about dreams is NOT accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Dreams only occur during REM sleep.
B)  Dreams have sometimes changed the world. ​
C)  Dreams are not as bizarre as widely assumed. ​
D)  People most frequently dream about familiar people. ​E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

According to Freud, a sexually frustrated person would probably have highly erotic dreams because, according to him, the principal purpose of a dream is ​

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual gratification.
B)  conflict resolution. ​
C)  wish fulfillment. ​
D)  the repression of unconscious desires. ​E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The role-playing theory of hypnosis suggests that the hypnotized subject ​

Accepted Answer

A)  actually fakes the hypnotic state.
B)  enters into a trance and acts out suggestions. ​
C)  knows that he or she is only pretending.
D)  is in a normal state but acts out the role of a hypnotized person. ​E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Joshua experiences reflexive gasping for air during sleep several times a night and frequently wakes up because of it. Joshua most likely has _____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Joshua experiences reflexive gasping for air during...

Question 7

A conscious attempt to focus one's attention and bring mental processes under voluntary control is called _____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of A conscious attempt to focus one's attention...

Question 8

When a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy intense cravings for the drug, he is demonstrating ​

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological tolerance.
B)  physical dependence. ​
C)  psychological dependence. ​
D)  physical tolerance. ​E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _____ in frequency and _____ in amplitude.

Accepted Answer

A)  slower; higher
B)  faster; higher
C)  slower; lower
D)  faster; lowerE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

A hypnotist is putting on a demonstration and your friend Benjamin is thinking about volunteering. However, he is a little nervous because he is afraid he might do things while he is hypnotized that he would normally not do. Based on research into the effects of hypnosis, you should tell Benjamin ​

Accepted Answer

A)  people will never do things under hypnosis that they would normally consider unacceptable.
B)  hypnotic subjects are only faking a change in awareness. ​
C)  sometimes people will do things under hypnosis that they would normally consider unacceptable.
D)  hypnosis doesn't really work, so he shouldn't bother volunteering.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The observations that both the discovery of insulin and refinements in the design of the sewing machine were inspired, in part, by dreams, provide support for the _____ theory of dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)  activation-synthesis
B)  conservation of energy
C)  wish fulfillment
D)  problem-solvingE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

REM sleep behavior disorder causes people to _____ during REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  dream
B)  move about in aggressive ways
C)  break the law
D)  fantasize about bad behaviorE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

The observations that many approaches to meditation are rooted in Eastern religions and some societies use hallucinogens in religious practices BEST reflect the unifying theme in psychology that ​

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior is determined by multiple causes.
B)  behavior is shaped by cultural heritage. ​
C)  psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context. ​
D)  people's experience of the world is highly subjective. ​E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

While Nicholas was hypnotized, he was able to endure painful jaw surgery without any anesthesia. This could be taken as support for the view that hypnosis ​

Accepted Answer

A)  causes people to act out a role.
B)  is the same as REM sleep. ​
C)  is the same as slow-wave sleep. ​
D)  creates a dissociation in conscious awareness. ​E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

According to Sigmund Freud, conscious and unconscious processes are different

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of reality.
B)  levels of awareness.
C)  streams of awareness.
D)  streams of consciousness.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

The theory that attributes the LEAST  amount of meaning to dreams is

Accepted Answer

A)  activation-synthesis.
B)  problem-solving.
C)  wish fulfillment.
D)  day residue.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Carly is dozing on the couch but wakes immediately when her roommate walks in. While she was dozing, her brain-wave pattern most likely exhibited _____ waves.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha
B)  beta
C)  delta
D)  thetaE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Discuss the major theories of dreaming, and explain the significance that each theory attaches to dreams.

Accepted Answer

Freud's wish-fulfillment theory states t...

Question 19

Which of the following drugs tends to produce tolerance most SLOWLY?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heroin
B)  Cocaine
C)  Quaaludes
D)  AlcoholE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

The observations that both the setting in which a psychoactive drug is taken and an individual's expectations influence the drug's effect and individuals vary in their susceptibility to hypnosis  BEST reflect which of the following unifying themes in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
B)  People's experience of the world is highly subjective.
C)  Behavior is determined by multiple causes.
D)  Behavior is shaped by cultural heritage.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 5: Variations in Consciousness

The procedure used by a hypnotist that relaxes an individual and narrows attention is called a hypnotic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the major theories of dreaming, and explain the significance that each theory attaches to dreams.

Correct AnswerverifiedFreud's wish-fulfillment theory states t...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements about dreams is NOT accurate? ​

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REM sleep behavior disorder causes people to _____ during REM sleep.

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According to Sigmund Freud, conscious and unconscious processes are different

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The observations that both the discovery of insulin and refinements in the design of the sewing machine were inspired, in part, by dreams, provide support for the _____ theory of dreaming.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The observations that both the setting in which a psychoactive drug is taken and an individual's expectations influence the drug's effect and individuals vary in their susceptibility to hypnosis BEST reflect which of the following unifying themes in psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory that attributes the LEAST amount of meaning to dreams is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carly is dozing on the couch but wakes immediately when her roommate walks in. While she was dozing, her brain-wave pattern most likely exhibited _____ waves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud, a sexually frustrated person would probably have highly erotic dreams because, according to him, the principal purpose of a dream is ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following drugs tends to produce tolerance most SLOWLY?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ neural pathway has been characterized as a "reward pathway" that is believed to be responsible for the reinforcing effects of most abused drugs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _____ in frequency and _____ in amplitude.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy intense cravings for the drug, he is demonstrating ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The observations that many approaches to meditation are rooted in Eastern religions and some societies use hallucinogens in religious practices BEST reflect the unifying theme in psychology that ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A conscious attempt to focus one's attention and bring mental processes under voluntary control is called _____. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The role-playing theory of hypnosis suggests that the hypnotized subject ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Joshua experiences reflexive gasping for air during sleep several times a night and frequently wakes up because of it. Joshua most likely has _____. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While Nicholas was hypnotized, he was able to endure painful jaw surgery without any anesthesia. This could be taken as support for the view that hypnosis ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Freud's wish-fulfillment theory states t...
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Which of the following statements about dreams is NOT accurate?

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Correct Answer
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According to Freud, a sexually frustrated person would probably have highly erotic dreams because, according to him, the principal purpose of a dream is

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _ in frequency and _ in amplitude.

Correct Answer
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When a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy intense cravings for the drug, he is demonstrating

Correct Answer
verified

The observations that many approaches to meditation are rooted in Eastern religions and some societies use hallucinogens in religious practices BEST reflect the unifying theme in psychology that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A conscious attempt to focus one's attention and bring mental processes under voluntary control is called _____.

Correct Answer
verified

The role-playing theory of hypnosis suggests that the hypnotized subject

Correct Answer
verified

Joshua experiences reflexive gasping for air during sleep several times a night and frequently wakes up because of it. Joshua most likely has _____.

Correct Answer
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While Nicholas was hypnotized, he was able to endure painful jaw surgery without any anesthesia. This could be taken as support for the view that hypnosis

Correct Answer
verified