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Exam 8: Cognition and Intelligence

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Question 91

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The _____ is the belief that the odds of an uncertain event increase when the event has not occurred recently.

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Question 92

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In solving a problem using divergent thinking, a person

A) tries to generate many possible answers or solutions.
B) tries to narrow down a list of alternatives to a single correct answer or solution.
C) systematically eliminates incorrect answers or solutions.
D) tries to narrow down a list of alternatives to a single correct answer or solution and to systematically eliminate incorrect answers or solutions.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 93

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The fact that people tend to underestimate their own likelihood of failing at risky ventures illustrates that people tend to ignore _____.

According to Benjamin Whorf and the linguistic relativity hypothesis, a person's _____ determines the nature of a person's _____.

The BEST evidence supporting the role of genetic factors in intelligence is provided by studies that compare ​

You are having a conversation with your psychology professor and he proposes that your language determines the nature of your thought. Which of the following theorists would MOST likely agree with his assertions?

When a deviation IQ score is converted into a percentile score, it indicates ​

The original French intelligence test was revised and renamed the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale by ​

In the first half of the 20th century, a strong current of racial and class prejudice supported the idea that IQ tests measured innate ability and that "undesirable" groups scored poorly because of their genetic inferiority. This development BEST reflects which of the following themes of your textbook? ​

Theorists use the term _____ to refer to the genetically determined limits of intelligence and other traits.

Briefly discuss cultural variations in cognitive style as they relate to problem solving.

Esmeralda wants to use her roommate's computer to work on her term paper. However, the roommate has password protection on the computer's boot sequence. Rather than starting at "a" and systematically testing every possible word in the English language, Esmeralda makes some educated guesses about the password, based on what she knows about her roommate. In this case, Esmeralda is using ​

Research shows that when consumers have a very high number of products to choose from, they are likely to purchase _____ items.

According to behaviorist theory, children's vocabularies increase and their pronunciation improves as

The availability heuristic implies that people will _____ the frequency of events that are easy to remember and _____ the frequency of events that are hard to remember.

In which of the following cases is the correlation between IQ scores the LOWEST?

When your initial attempts to solve a problem are unsuccessful, it is a good strategy to ​

_____ refers to how decision issues are posed, which may influence one's choices.

Consider the three types of problems identified by Greeno (1978) and indicate which of the approaches to problem solving discussed in your text would be helpful and unhelpful in solving each type of problem.

According to Noam Chomsky, humans are born with a(n) _____ that facilitates the learning of language.