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To bring a product liability lawsuit on the ground of misrepresentation, the plaintiff must not have relied on the misrepresentation.

A) True
B) False

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A defective product is an unreasonably dangerous product when it is dangerous beyond the expectation of the ordinary consumer.

A) True
B) False

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A defendant may be able to limit liability for injuries caused by a defective product by showing that a plaintiff's negligence contributed to the injuries.

A) True
B) False

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EquiMeds Company and GenDrugs Inc. make and distribute prescription drugs. In a product-liability suit against both parties, the court is most likely to impose market-share liability if it cannot be proved which of the parties


A) was in privity with the injured plaintiff.
B) exercised the least amount of due care in making the product.
C) supplied the particular product that caused the injury.
D) holds the largest share of the market for the product.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Insulate Inc. makes and sells fire-retardant building materials. In a product liability suit against Insulate, a court would use a risk-utility analysis of the company's product as designed to determine whether


A) a risk of harm outweighs the products' utility to the users and the public.
B) the product performed as a consumer would reasonably expect.
C) the product is as useful and as risky as the public expects.
D) the risk of return on investment in the product supports its utility.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Meg is shopping in Nate's Hardware Store when a nail gun in use by Ovid, one of the store's employees, fires without warning and hits Meg in the leg. Nate checks the gun and discovers that it was assembled improperly. Meg files a suit against Power Tools Inc., the maker of the gun, on the ground of strict product liability. What are the elements for an action based on strict product liability? In whose favor is the court likely to rule and why?

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In an action based on strict product lia...

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The manufacturer of a product may incur liability when a defect causes injury to a user but not when the defect causes property damage to a bystander.

A) True
B) False

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Steps & Rungs Inc. makes ladders. Ty discovers that his Steps & Rungs ladder is defective and sues the maker for product liability based on strict liability. To win, Ty must show that


A) Ty bought the ladder from Steps & Rungs.
B) all of the choices.
C) the ladder was in a defective condition when Steps & Rungs sold it.
D) Ty is normally engaged in the business use of ladders.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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A product will be considered defective when the omission of reasonable warnings renders the product not reasonably safe.

A) True
B) False

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Some courts do not allow assumption of risk as a defense to a strict product liability claim because the theory focuses on the nature of a product, not the plaintiff's conduct.

A) True
B) False

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Cultivator Inc. designs and makes tractors, balers, and other farm equipment. In a product liability suit based on negligence, Cultivator could be liable for failing to exercise due care with respect to all of the following except


A) the inspection of components purchased to use in the equipment.
B) the selection of materials used to make the equipment.
C) the assembly and testing of the equipment.
D) the growth of the equipment's sales.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Courts apply a "reasonableness" test to determine if a warning adequately alerts consumers to a product's risks.

A) True
B) False

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Stan, an air conditioning and heating technician, files suit against Temp-Set Corporation, alleging that its thermostats are unreasonably dangerous due to the possibility of electrical shock while being installed. Temp-Set's best defense is most likely


A) assumption of risk.
B) knowledgeable user.
C) commonly known danger.
D) none of the choices.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Under the doctrine of strict liability, a defendant's liability depends on privity of contract.

A) True
B) False

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Cold Play Corporation makes snowmobiles. Dale is injured when a defect unexpectedly accelerates the Cold Play vehicle he is driving, and he is thrown off. Esty, a hiker standing in the path of the unmanned vehicle, is struck and injured. In a suit based on strict product liability, Cold Play may be liable to


A) Dale and Esty.
B) Dale only.
C) Esty only.
D) none of the parties.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Chem Company and Dura Plastics Inc. make and distribute a certain toxic chemical that is discovered in the water supply of the county in which their plants are located. In a product liability suit against both makers, market-share liability may be imposed on


A) only the party who realized the most profit from the use of the chemical.
B) only the party with the largest market share.
C) both parties.
D) only the party who most aggressively marketed its product.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Do-It-Rite Inc. makes and markets tools. Evan uses a Do-It-Rite power screwdriver to scrape grout-a purpose for which it was not intended-and is injured when the tool slips. Evan files a product liability suit against the maker. The defendant's best defense is most likely


A) commonly known danger.
B) assumption of risk.
C) inadequate warning.
D) product misuse.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Epsilon Corporation makes scientific instruments that are subject to extensive government regulation and undergo a rigorous premarket approval process. In a design defect product liability suit against Epsilon by a party allegedly injured by one of the devices, the company can most successfully raise the defense of


A) preemption.
B) assumption of risk.
C) comparative negligence.
D) knowledgeable user.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The doctrine of strict liability applies to sellers of goods, including wholesalers.

A) True
B) False

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For cause in fact to become a relevant issue in a product liability suit, a plaintiff must first establish proximate cause.

A) True
B) False

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