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Competition is not necessarily diminished solely as a result of market concentration.

A) True
B) False

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A business, but not an individual person, can be deemed liable for monopolizing or attempting to monopolize trade or commerce in violation of the antitrust laws.

A) True
B) False

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Road Tires Inc. conditions the sale of its products to Service Stores on the buyer's agreement to buy Road's tire-repair kits. Under the Clayton Act, this deal is


A) a per se violation.
B) a violation, unless the seller's competitors make similar deals.
C) a violation, depending on its purpose and the effect on competition.
D) not a violation.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Blu-ray producers cannot jointly lobby Congress to change the copyright laws without being held liable for attempting to restrain trade.

A) True
B) False

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The federal agencies that enforce the antitrust laws include


A) the U.S. Department of Justice.
B) the Securities and Exchange Commission.
C) the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
D) all of the choices.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Antirust legislation is based on society's desire to


A) increase prices.
B) foster competition.
C) consolidate market power.
D) encourage restraints of trade.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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When applying the rule of reason to an activity that allegedly violates the antitrust laws, a court will not consider


A) the purpose of the agreement.
B) the parties' market ability to implement the agreement.
C) whether the agreement is a per se violation.
D) the potential effect of the agreement on competition.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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To deem an agreement a per se violation of antitrust law, a court must determine whether the agreement actually constitutes a restraint on trade.

A) True
B) False

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Online Media Inc. bundles its products so that consumers are forced to pay for access to some sites that they do not want in order to obtain access to sites that they do want. A court will likely rule that the bundling does not violate the rule of reason if it


A) is the most restrictive means for the firm to achieve its purpose.
B) is fully within the firm's ability to achieve.
C) does not injure competition.
D) suppresses or destroys competition.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Cosmétique Inc. makes and sells cosmetics and related products. By selling its goods at prices substantially below the normal cost of production, the firm hopes to drive its competitors from the market. This is


A) market power pricing.
B) predatory pricing.
C) price discrimination.
D) price-fixing.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Edibles Inc. and Food Stuff Corporation are competitors. Each firm has capital, surplus, and undivided profits in excess of $40 million and competitive sales of more than $5 million. Gina and Hal serve as directors on both firms' boards. Under the Clayton Act's restriction concerning interlocking directorates, Gina and Hal are


A) liable for failing to comply.
B) not liable because the firms are likely to continue to compete.
C) not liable because the firms' officers conduct the competitive activities.
D) not liable because the firms' shareholders can affect company policies.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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It is in society's interest to condemn every acquisition of monopoly power as an antitrust violation even though a dominant market share may be the result of business acumen.

A) True
B) False

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Snowboards Inc. refuses to sell its products to Timber Winter Sports Stores, Inc., a retail snowboard dealership. This violates Section 2 of the Sherman Act if Snowboards has monopoly power and


A) none of the choices.
B) Timber has or is likely to acquire monopoly power.
C) the refusal is unilateral.
D) the refusal has an anticompetitive effect on the market.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Dairy Cream Inc. makes and sells ice cream. Dairy Cream wants to merge with EZ Freeze Inc., its main competitor and a maker of ice cream and other frozen desserts. In a challenge to the deal on a charge of monopolization, the relevant product market includes ice cream and


A) no other products.
B) products that are related, such as cake.
C) products that have identical attributes, such as frozen yogurt.
D) products that must be kept cold, such as frozen fruit.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Bio Med Corporation makes and sells Curative, the most prescribed name-brand pain-relief medication. Drugs Inc. has the potential to make a generic version of the same drug. Bio Med agrees to pay Drugs not to make or sell the generic. This agreement is most likely


A) a deal that neither restrains trade or harms competition.
B) not within the scope of the Sherman Act.
C) a per s e violation of the Sherman Act.
D) subject to analysis under the rule of reason.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Battery Corporation's production, distribution, and marketing methods are unique. Its capital value and size are greater than its competitors. A suit is filed against the firm, alleging the offense of monopolization. To determine whether Battery has monopoly power requires looking at


A) the price of a share of the firm's stock.
B) the corporation's size alone.
C) the business's production methods and marketing techniques.
D) the relevant market.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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To drive its competitors out of a certain geographic segment of its market, Drones Inc. sets the prices of its products below cost for the buyers in that area. This is


A) price-fixing.
B) smart marketing.
C) predatory pricing.
D) price discrimination.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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An antitrust action is brought against Carrier Freight Company, alleging that a certain act constitutes the offense of attempted monopolization. To qualify, the act must


A) be likely to succeed.
B) be unlikely to succeed.
C) succeed.
D) fail.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Dig Inc. is the major wholesale distributor of heavy equipment in six states. Dig's closest competitor is Excavator Company. The two firms agree that Dig will operate in four of the states and Excavator in the other two. This is


A) a group boycott.
B) a market division.
C) a price-fixing agreement.
D) a trade association.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The Medical Device Makers Association does not include all manufacturers of medical and surgical instruments. The association refuses to deal with any parties who do not carry the products of its members. This is


A) a situation that neither restrains trade nor harms competition.
B) not within the scope of the Sherman Act.
C) a per se violation of antitrust law.
D) subject to analysis under the rule of reason.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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