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What is the function of the natural law?


A) To discern what is good and what is evil
B) To preserve economic order
C) To hold the universe together
D) To satisfy our desires

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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A

What does Aquinas say is the proper form of man?


A) The rational soul
B) Happiness
C) The wicked mind
D) Laziness

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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A

Aquinas maintains that the first principle of practical reason is


A) "the divine law has the character of eternal law."
B) "the same thing cannot be affirmed and denied at the same time."
C) "good is that which all things seek after."
D) "seek out that which you desire."

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Explain the Natural Law Argument. What are some possible interpretations of the first premise, and why is each problematic? Do you think that there is any way to modify premise one to avoid these concerns? What general lessons about natural law theory do you think that we can draw from these considerations?

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The Natural Law Argument is a philosophi...

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Talk about: -Fitness

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a being's ...

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Talk about: -Moral agents

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those who bear responsibility ...

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Explain the objection that not all virtues are prescribed by the natural law. How does Aquinas respond to this objection? Is his response successful? Defend your answer.

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The objection that not all virtues are p...

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What does Aquinas mean by "law?" Explain his conception of eternal law. Then, summarize one of the objections to the existence of eternal law and explain Aquinas's response. Do you find his response satisfying? Why or why not?

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Thomas Aquinas, a prominent medieval philosopher and theologian, had a comprehensive understanding of law. In his work, he defined law as "an ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has care of the community, and promulgated." This definition encompasses the idea that law is based on reason and aims to promote the well-being of society, and it must be publicly known and accessible to all. Aquinas's conception of eternal law is rooted in his belief in a divine order that governs the universe. He argued that eternal law is the rational plan of God for the governance of the universe, reflecting his wisdom and providence. This eternal law is the ultimate source of all other forms of law, including natural law and human-made laws. It serves as the foundation for moral principles and guides human conduct towards the common good. One objection to the existence of eternal law is the challenge of reconciling the idea of a fixed, unchanging divine law with the dynamic and evolving nature of the world. Critics argue that the concept of eternal law seems incompatible with the changing circumstances and moral values of different societies. In response to this objection, Aquinas emphasized that eternal law is not static or rigid, but rather it is dynamic and adaptable. He argued that eternal law is manifested in the natural law, which is inherent in human nature and can be understood through reason. This allows for the application of eternal law to different contexts and changing circumstances, while still maintaining its fundamental principles. Personally, I find Aquinas's response to be satisfying to some extent. His emphasis on the dynamic nature of eternal law and its manifestation in natural law provides a framework for addressing the objection. However, there may still be room for further exploration and clarification on how eternal law can effectively guide human conduct in diverse and evolving societies. Overall, Aquinas's response offers a compelling perspective on the concept of eternal law, but it may require further elaboration to fully address all objections.

Talk about: -Doctrine of Double Effect

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the principle that says that i...

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In Aquinas's view, what is a law?


A) A piece of legislation
B) A regularity in nature
C) A dictate of practical reason
D) All of the above

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to Aquinas, sinful actions result from


A) reason's failure to apply the general principle of the natural law to a particular case.
B) rejection of secondary principles by evil persuasion, vicious custom, or corrupt habit.
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b (Aquinas thinks that sin is impossible.)

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Aquinas claims that "all those things to which man has a natural inclination are naturally apprehended by reason as being good." What does he mean by this? Come up with and discuss a possible counterexample to this claim. Ultimately, do you agree with Aquinas? Why or why not?

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Aquinas's claim that "all those things t...

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According to Aquinas, the notion of _______ is the first thing that falls under the apprehension of the practical reason.


A) being
B) good
C) desire
D) God

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Aquinas maintains that everyone has a natural inclination to


A) satisfy one's own desires.
B) promote pleasure and reduce pain.
C) act according to reason.
D) All of the above

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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According to Aquinas, what is the first precept of law?


A) Good is to be done and pursued and evil is to be avoided.
B) Desires are to be fulfilled and pain is to be avoided.
C) God is to be praised and Satan is to be condemned.
D) Act according to the precepts of the state and never against.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Case Study Allison is a 12-year-old girl. She is popular at her school and highly socially savvy for her age. She has a keen sense of the power dynamics around her and is constantly maneuvering herself socially to secure a high place in the social hierarchy at her middle school. Unfortunately, Allison has found it most effective to maintain her social standing by bullying other girls at her school. She spreads gossip, excludes girls she does not deem cool enough to hang out with her, and demands that her small circle of friends do the same if they don't wish to be treated similarly. Allison was raised by kind, considerate, attentive parents. Her parents are devastated to learn about Allison's bullying behavior. They seek out a developmental psychologist who assures them that Allison's behavior is natural and normal. Many girls at this age engage in similar socially exclusive behavior in as a natural part of growing up and discovering who they are and how the world works. -If the developmental psychologist is right that Allison's bullying behavior is natural, should that make Allison's parents less worried about their daughter's moral character?

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While it may be true that many girls at ...

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What is the difference between the Efficiency Model and the Fitness Model of natural purposes? Does either model provide a plausible basis for natural law theory? Why or why not?

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The Efficiency Model and the Fitness Mod...

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Talk about: -Innate

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traits tha...

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Case Study Allison is a 12-year-old girl. She is popular at her school and highly socially savvy for her age. She has a keen sense of the power dynamics around her and is constantly maneuvering herself socially to secure a high place in the social hierarchy at her middle school. Unfortunately, Allison has found it most effective to maintain her social standing by bullying other girls at her school. She spreads gossip, excludes girls she does not deem cool enough to hang out with her, and demands that her small circle of friends do the same if they don't wish to be treated similarly. Allison was raised by kind, considerate, attentive parents. Her parents are devastated to learn about Allison's bullying behavior. They seek out a developmental psychologist who assures them that Allison's behavior is natural and normal. Many girls at this age engage in similar socially exclusive behavior in as a natural part of growing up and discovering who they are and how the world works. -Should Allison's parents intervene to encourage kinder behavior toward her classmates, or should they stay out of it because her behavior is natural?

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Allison's parents should definitely inte...

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What is the doctrine of double effect? Describe a case in which the doctrine could be used as a source of moral guidance. Do you think the doctrine of double effect gives good advice in this case? What about in general?

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The doctrine of double effect is a princ...

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