Question 1

When an action potential reaches the end of an axon,it evokes the release of neurotransmitters by opening ____ channels in the axon terminal.​

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride
B)  ​bicarbonate
C)  ​calcium
D)  oxygenE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Receptor molecules for neurotransmitters that exert metabotropic effects are proteins that bind to ____ outside the membrane,and attach to ____ inside the membrane.​

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium; potassium
B)  ​neurotransmitters; nicotine
C)  ​neurotransmitters; G-proteins
D)  adenosine; nitric oxideE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Briefly describe spatial summation.​

Accepted Answer

Sherrington found that synapses have the...

Question 4

A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  prolonging the action of acetylcholine at its synapses
B)  ​decreasing the duration of action of acetylcholine at its synapses
C)  ​decreasing the synthesis of acetylcholine by the presynaptic cell
D)  increasing the synthesis of acetylcholine by the presynaptic cellE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

A certain weak stimulus produces no reflexive response,but a rapid repetition of that stimulus may produce such a response.What is this phenomenon called?​

Accepted Answer

A)  spatial summation
B)  ​temporal summation
C)  ​saltatory conduction
D)  synaptic combinationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

A normal,healthy animal never contracts the flexor muscles and the extensor muscles of the same leg at the same time.Why not?​

Accepted Answer

A)  When the interneuron sends excitatory messages to one, inhibitory messages go to the other.
B)  ​Both muscles are mechanically connected in a way that makes it impossible for both to contract at the same time.
C)  ​Such coordination is learned through prenatal movement.
D)  Both muscles are controlled by branches of the same axon.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

What is the proper ordering of a reflex arc?​

Accepted Answer

A)  motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron.
B)  ​sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron.
C)  ​motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron.
D)  sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

A hormone is a chemical that is ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  secreted by a gland to the outside world
B)  ​conveyed by the blood to other organs, whose activity it influences
C)  ​capable of activating or inhibiting muscle fibers
D)  a feedback message from the postsynaptic neuron to the presynaptic neuronE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Sherrington found that repeated stimuli within a brief time have a cumulative effect.He referred to this phenomenon as ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal summation
B)  ​spatial summation
C)  ​synaptic summation
D)  saltatory summationE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Simultaneous weak stimuli at different locations produce a greater reflexive response than one of the stimuli by itself.What is this phenomenon called?​

Accepted Answer

A)  Sherrington's law
B)  ​temporal summation
C)  ​spatial summation
D)  the all-or-none lawE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Hormones exert their effects ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  similarly to metabotropic neurotransmitters
B)  ​similarly to ionotropic neurotransmitters
C)  ​by attaching to special receptors on muscle fibers
D)  by being metabolized and converted via presynaptic cellsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The primary method for disposal of peptide neurotransmitters is ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivation
B)  ​reuptake by the presynaptic neuron
C)  ​diffusion
D)  reuptake by the postsynaptic neuronE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.​

Accepted Answer

​The sequence of events involv...

Question 14

The catecholamines include ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
B)  ​epinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
C)  ​dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine
D)  epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamineE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Vesicles are located ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  in postsynaptic terminals
B)  ​in dendrites
C)  ​in presynaptic terminals
D)  outside of the neuron in the extracellular fluidE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which category of chemicals includes adenosine and several of its derivatives?​

Accepted Answer

A)  neuropeptides
B)  ​acetylcholine
C)  ​monoamines
D)  purinesE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Charles Sherrington would most likely agree with which statement about reflexes?​

Accepted Answer

A)  The overall speed of conduction through a reflex arc is faster than conduction along an axon.
B)  ​Repeated stimuli occurring within a brief time can have a cumulative effect.
C)  ​Each neuron physically merges with the next one during a reflexive response.
D)  Excitatory synapses are more important than inhibitory synapses.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Even at rest,most neurons have periodic production of action potentials,known as the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous firing rate
B)  ​excitatory firing rate
C)  ​all-or-none law
D)  law of compensationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Avoiding foods with lecithin,such as eggs and peanuts,would affect the levels of which neurotransmitter the most?​

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine
B)  ​serotonin
C)  ​GABA
D)  endorphinE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

COMT and MAO are ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes that convert catecholamines into inactive chemicals
B)  ​enzymes that make catecholamines
C)  ​neurotransmitters in the same group as serotonin
D)  the inactive fragments of catecholaminesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: Synapses

When an action potential reaches the end of an axon,it evokes the release of neurotransmitters by opening ____ channels in the axon terminal.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones exert their effects ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A certain weak stimulus produces no reflexive response,but a rapid repetition of that stimulus may produce such a response.What is this phenomenon called?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.​

Correct Answerverified​The sequence of events involv...View AnswerShow Answer

A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sherrington found that repeated stimuli within a brief time have a cumulative effect.He referred to this phenomenon as ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charles Sherrington would most likely agree with which statement about reflexes?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receptor molecules for neurotransmitters that exert metabotropic effects are proteins that bind to ____ outside the membrane,and attach to ____ inside the membrane.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Avoiding foods with lecithin,such as eggs and peanuts,would affect the levels of which neurotransmitter the most?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the proper ordering of a reflex arc?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which category of chemicals includes adenosine and several of its derivatives?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe spatial summation.​

Correct AnswerverifiedSherrington found that synapses have the...View AnswerShow Answer

A hormone is a chemical that is ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A normal,healthy animal never contracts the flexor muscles and the extensor muscles of the same leg at the same time.Why not?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary method for disposal of peptide neurotransmitters is ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vesicles are located ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Simultaneous weak stimuli at different locations produce a greater reflexive response than one of the stimuli by itself.What is this phenomenon called?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The catecholamines include ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

COMT and MAO are ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even at rest,most neurons have periodic production of action potentials,known as the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an action potential reaches the end of an axon,it evokes the release of neurotransmitters by opening ____ channels in the axon terminal.

Correct Answer
verified

Hormones exert their effects ____.

Correct Answer
verified

A certain weak stimulus produces no reflexive response,but a rapid repetition of that stimulus may produce such a response.What is this phenomenon called?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.

Correct Answer
verified
The sequence of events involv...
View Answer

A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Sherrington found that repeated stimuli within a brief time have a cumulative effect.He referred to this phenomenon as ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Charles Sherrington would most likely agree with which statement about reflexes?

Correct Answer
verified

Receptor molecules for neurotransmitters that exert metabotropic effects are proteins that bind to outside the membrane,and attach to inside the membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Avoiding foods with lecithin,such as eggs and peanuts,would affect the levels of which neurotransmitter the most?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the proper ordering of a reflex arc?

Correct Answer
verified

Which category of chemicals includes adenosine and several of its derivatives?

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly describe spatial summation.

Correct Answer
verified
Sherrington found that synapses have the...
View Answer

A hormone is a chemical that is ____.

Correct Answer
verified

A normal,healthy animal never contracts the flexor muscles and the extensor muscles of the same leg at the same time.Why not?

Correct Answer
verified

The primary method for disposal of peptide neurotransmitters is ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Vesicles are located ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Simultaneous weak stimuli at different locations produce a greater reflexive response than one of the stimuli by itself.What is this phenomenon called?

Correct Answer
verified

The catecholamines include ____.

Correct Answer
verified

COMT and MAO are ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Even at rest,most neurons have periodic production of action potentials,known as the ____.

Correct Answer
verified