Question 1

What is culture? Why are personality psychologists interested in cross-cultural differences? What are some of the reasons why this is a difficult topic of study?

Accepted Answer

Culture can be defined as the shared bel...

Question 2

The outgroup homogeneity bias refers to the tendency to view one's own group as having members that differ widely from each other while believing individuals from other groups are "all the same."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to the text, which of the following is considered to have an individualist-horizontal society?

Accepted Answer

A)   Brazil
B)   Israel
C)   Norway
D)   FranceE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Individuals from which country would be the least willing to describe themselves in contradictory terms?

Accepted Answer

A)   China
B)   Japan
C)   India
D)   United StatesE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

If members of two cultures experience the same emotions, seek the same goals, and organize their thoughts in comparable ways, then the two cultures ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are individualistic cultures
B)   have collectivist construals
C)   have similar experience-near constructs
D)   view the world through culture-free lensesE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

John argues that a particular culture's distinctive view of reality simply exists and believes that there is no way to meaningfully address the origin of cultural differences. John seems to subscribe to which philosophical tradition?

Accepted Answer

A)   empiricism
B)   existentialism
C)   deconstructionism
D)   naturalismE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 7

Cultural complexity is much like the individual personality trait of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the need for cognition
B)   emotional intelligence
C)   cognitive complexity
D)   allocentrismE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Why might researchers want to move beyond the collectivism and individualism distinction in the cross-cultural study of personality? What are some limitations of this approach and what modifications have been proposed to broaden the scope of this work?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might researchers want to move beyond...

Question 9

Women in the United States are not more collectivist than men.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Components of ideas that are particular to a specific culture are called ________, and components that are universal across cultures are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   individualisms; collectivisms
B)   emics; etics
C)   cultures; values
D)   etics; emicsE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

What are the reasons why cultural differences in personality might be exaggerated?

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons why cultural d...

Question 12

Indians (individuals from India) prefer to place an X next to the part of the form that does NOT apply.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What condition or conditions seem to facilitate the development of honor cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)   central governments and well-established judicial systems
B)   weak central governments and a lack of police
C)   low population density
D)   collectivist valuesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

According to the text, which of the following is considered to have a collectivist-vertical society?

Accepted Answer

A)   United States
B)   Israel
C)   Japan
D)   ChinaE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The American South has a separate "culture of honor," distinct from the rest of the United States, which requires members to be more tolerant of insults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Vertical societies tend to believe that individuals are importantly different from each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

One of the two aspects of the measure of bicultural identity integration (BII)  is the degree to which bicultural individuals ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   see their two cultures as distant from each other
B)   enjoy their two cultures
C)   respect their two cultures
D)   understand their two culturesE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

David McClelland would argue that a culture that emphasizes children's stories such as "The Little Engine That Could" has a high need for________.

Accepted Answer

A)   achievement
B)   affiliation
C)   appraisal
D)   affluenceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Studies of cross-cultural gender differences in the Big Five tend to find that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   few Big Five gender differences replicate across societies
B)   the size and direction of gender differences on these traits are the same in all societies
C)   although the direction of gender differences is similar, the size of the gender differences is larger in more-developed societies than in less-developed societies
D)   the direction and size of gender differences on these traits fluctuate widely across societiesE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

A child learns about his or her native culture through the process of acculturation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

A child learns about his or her native culture through the process of acculturation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is culture? Why are personality psychologists interested in cross-cultural differences? What are some of the reasons why this is a difficult topic of study?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AICulture can be defined as the shared bel...View AnswerShow Answer

Studies of cross-cultural gender differences in the Big Five tend to find that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American South has a separate "culture of honor," distinct from the rest of the United States, which requires members to be more tolerant of insults.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What condition or conditions seem to facilitate the development of honor cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cultural complexity is much like the individual personality trait of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If members of two cultures experience the same emotions, seek the same goals, and organize their thoughts in comparable ways, then the two cultures ________.

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Indians (individuals from India) prefer to place an X next to the part of the form that does NOT apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might researchers want to move beyond the collectivism and individualism distinction in the cross-cultural study of personality? What are some limitations of this approach and what modifications have been proposed to broaden the scope of this work?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, which of the following is considered to have an individualist-horizontal society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vertical societies tend to believe that individuals are importantly different from each other.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Components of ideas that are particular to a specific culture are called ________, and components that are universal across cultures are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, which of the following is considered to have a collectivist-vertical society?

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The outgroup homogeneity bias refers to the tendency to view one's own group as having members that differ widely from each other while believing individuals from other groups are "all the same."

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Women in the United States are not more collectivist than men.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the two aspects of the measure of bicultural identity integration (BII) is the degree to which bicultural individuals ________.

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John argues that a particular culture's distinctive view of reality simply exists and believes that there is no way to meaningfully address the origin of cultural differences. John seems to subscribe to which philosophical tradition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the reasons why cultural differences in personality might be exaggerated?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThere are several reasons why cultural d...View AnswerShow Answer

David McClelland would argue that a culture that emphasizes children's stories such as "The Little Engine That Could" has a high need for________.

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Individuals from which country would be the least willing to describe themselves in contradictory terms?

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Culture can be defined as the shared bel...
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Components of ideas that are particular to a specific culture are called , and components that are universal across cultures are called .

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There are several reasons why cultural d...
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