Question 1

________ structure results primarily from hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between the R-groupsofthe polypeptide chain and water.

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary
B)   Secondary
C)   Tertiary
D)   Quaternary
E)   PentanaryF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means

Accepted Answer

A)   two calcium atoms.
B)   a calcium ion that has lost two electrons.
C)   a calcium ion that has gained two protons.
D)   a calcium ion that has gained two electrons.
E)   a calcium ion that has lost two protons.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The purines found in DNA are ________ and guanine.

Accepted Answer

A)   cytosine
B)   adenine
C)   thymine
D)   uracil
E)   niacinF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The electrostatic attraction between the slight positive charge of a hydrogen of one molecule and the slight negative charge of an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine of another molecule is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   nonpolar covalent bond.
B)   single covalent bond.
C)   polar covalent bond.
D)   ionic bond.
E)   hydrogen bond.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

The most abundant high-energy compound in cells is

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA.
B)   adenosine diphosphate.
C)   adenosine monophosphate.
D)   adenosine triphosphate.
E)   RNA.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

An important buffer in body fluids is

Accepted Answer

A)   NaCl.
B)   NaOH.
C)   HCl.
D)   NaHCO3.
E)   H2O.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Molecules that store and process genetic information are the

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins.
B)   nucleic acids.
C)   carbohydrates.
D)   lipids.
E)   steroids.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following is not a function of steroids?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are a significant energy reserve for the body.
B)   They are structural components of the plasm membrane.
C)   They are involved in regulation of sexual function.
D)   They regulate tissue metabolism and mineral balance.
E)   They are required for normal processing of dietary fats.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Elements that have atoms with full outer shells of electrons

Accepted Answer

A)   will form many compounds.
B)   will normally form anions.
C)   will normally form cations.
D)   frequently form hydrogen bonds.
E)   are inert gases.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

In dehydration synthesis reactions, compounds

Accepted Answer

A)   lose water molecules.
B)   gain water molecules.
C)   convert water molecules to hydrogen and oxygen.
D)   convert hydrogen and oxygen to water.
E)   gain electrons.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following are functions of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   support
B)   defense
C)   metabolic regulation
D)   buffering
E)   All of these are functions of proteins.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

AB ? A + B is to decomposition as A + B ? AB is to

Accepted Answer

A)   exchange.
B)   synthesis.
C)   combustion.
D)   replacement.
E)   metabolism.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Carbohydrate molecules

Accepted Answer

A)   are the building blocks of cellular membranes.
B)   form the regulatory molecules known as enzymes.
C)   are the body's most readily available source of energy.
D)   are composed of C, H, O, and N atoms.
E)   contain the genetic information found in cells.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n)  ________ releases hydrogen ions.

Accepted Answer

A)   acid; base
B)   base; acid
C)   compound; element
D)   element; compound
E)   molecule; acidF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   surface tension.
B)   chemical tension.
C)   static electricity.
D)   heat capacity.
E)   hydrophilic attraction.F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

The reaction A + B + energy ? AB is an example of a(n)  ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   exergonic
B)   endergonic
C)   equilibrium
D)   decomposition
E)   exchangeF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Ions with a + charge are called

Accepted Answer

A)   cations.
B)   anions.
C)   radicals.
D)   positrons.
E)   isotopes.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Cumulative damage from reactive ________ is thought to be a major factor in aging.

Accepted Answer

A)   nitrogen
B)   double bonds
C)   isotopes
D)   free radicals
E)   heliumF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large amount of energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   forceful
B)   charged
C)   excitable
D)   power
E)   high-energyF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 20

Soluble inorganic compounds whose solutions will conduct an electric current are called

Accepted Answer

A)   electrolytes.
B)   ions.
C)   isotopes.
D)   free radicals.
E)   metabolites.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 2: The Chemical Level of Organization

________ structure results primarily from hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between the R-groupsofthe polypeptide chain and water.

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Molecules that store and process genetic information are the

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In dehydration synthesis reactions, compounds

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Carbohydrate molecules

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Elements that have atoms with full outer shells of electrons

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Which of the following is not a function of steroids?

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Cumulative damage from reactive ________ is thought to be a major factor in aging.

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The electrostatic attraction between the slight positive charge of a hydrogen of one molecule and the slight negative charge of an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine of another molecule is called a(n)

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In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means

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Ions with a + charge are called

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________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large amount of energy.

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The purines found in DNA are ________ and guanine.

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The most abundant high-energy compound in cells is

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Soluble inorganic compounds whose solutions will conduct an electric current are called

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A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates

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________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) ________ releases hydrogen ions.

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The reaction A + B + energy ? AB is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.

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Which of the following are functions of proteins?

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AB ? A + B is to decomposition as A + B ? AB is to

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An important buffer in body fluids is

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removes hydrogen ions and a(n) releases hydrogen ions.

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