Question 1

Carson used to enjoy lime sherbet,and when he was in Mexico he tried frozen lime margaritas.After his fourth margarita Carson became extremely ill.Now he finds that even the sight of lime sherbet in a bowl can make him feel queasy.In this example,the unconditioned stimulus is

Accepted Answer

A)   the lime margaritas that Carson consumed.
B)   the illness that followed the fourth margarita.
C)   the sight of lime sherbet.
D)   the queasiness that Carson feels when he sees lime sherbet.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie,her grandmother usually gives her one.Last week at the park,Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies.Kristen's behavior illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned reinforcement.
B)   stimulus generalization.
C)   stimulus discrimination.
D)   observational learning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Your younger daughter watches your older daughter wash the breakfast dishes.Later,your younger daughter attempts to wash some dishes.The older daughter has acted as

Accepted Answer

A)   a noncontingent learner.
B)   a negative reinforcer.
C)   a positive reinforcer.
D)   a model.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Cassie asked her father for a candy bar at the grocery store,and her father bought her the candy bar.If Cassie asks for more candy bars in the future,the candy bar has acted as a

Accepted Answer

A)   discriminative stimulus.
B)   reinforcer.
C)   conditioned response.
D)   conditioned stimulus.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   giving a child a sweet dessert as a reward for finishing his dinner
B)   paying a child $1 for each "A" received on her report card
C)   stopping nagging a child when he finally cleans his room
D)   cutting a child's TV time by 30 minutes each time she "talks back"E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

An antecedent in a behavior modification program is

Accepted Answer

A)   a source of a reinforcement.
B)   an event that precedes a behavior.
C)   a consequence of performing a behavior.
D)   an emotional component associated with the receipt of reinforcement or punishment.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Learning to tie one's shoes is most likely acquired via the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning.
B)   reflexive conditioning.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   classical conditioning.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

In classical conditioning,the stimulus that naturally evokes an unlearned response is the

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimulus.
B)   unconditioned stimulus.
C)   unconditioned reinforcer.
D)   conditioned reinforcer.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

On a cumulative recorder,a rapid response rate produces a(n)____________________ slope.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On a cumulative recorder,a rapid response rate...

Question 10

What is extinction? How does it differ from forgetting?

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning extinction occ...

Question 11

Bart used to go to his health club every day after work because he almost always saw Abigail there.For two full weeks Abigail wasn't at the club when Bart went there for his workout,and now Bart has stopped going to his health club.This example illustrates the operant conditioning process of

Accepted Answer

A)   extinction.
B)   punishment.
C)   avoidance.
D)   resistance.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

A schedule of reinforcement is

Accepted Answer

A)   the reinforcement of closer and closer approximation of a desired response.
B)   a specific pattern of presentation of reinforcers over time.
C)   a pattern of resistance to extinction.
D)   a description of whether positive or negative reinforcement is in use.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

When Lindsay was nine years old,the neighbor's chihuahua bit her on the ankle.Today Lindsay is still terrified of chihuahuas,but she likes almost all other types of dogs.Lindsay's fear illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Accepted Answer

A)   preparedness.
B)   stimulus discrimination.
C)   stimulus generalization.
D)   negative avoidance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

You eat a new food and that night become ill with nausea and vomiting.Later you experience nausea whenever you taste or smell the new food.Why did you not associate your nausea with the cues of the room,the people present,the bathroom,and so on?

Accepted Answer

A)   You were biologically predisposed to associate taste and nausea.
B)   The nontaste cues were too weak.
C)   The taste cues were more immediate.
D)   There was less contiguity for the other cues.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Many parenting books,dog training manuals,and business management approaches all advocate the use of operant conditioning techniques to encourage desirable behavior in children,pets,and employees.The widespread knowledge of,and application of conditioning techniques,reflects the unifying theme in psychology that

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior is determined by multiple causes.
B)   psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
C)   heredity and environment jointly influence behavior.
D)   our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Primary reinforcers are effective because

Accepted Answer

A)   they satisfy basic biological survival needs.
B)   we inherently want approval for our actions.
C)   they have been associated with secondary reinforcers and have become reinforcing.
D)   the organism has learned to want them.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

When a researcher does not reinforce every correct response that an organism makes,it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous reinforcement.
B)   extinction.
C)   intermittent reinforcement.
D)   punishment.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

In the Little Albert experiment on conditioned emotional responses,the unconditioned stimulus was

Accepted Answer

A)   the rabbit.
B)   the rat.
C)   the loud noise.
D)   the fear reaction.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Compare the acquisition procedures in classical and operant conditioning.What is the essential difference between the two types of conditioning?

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning,a neutral stim...

Question 20

Typically,most people would

Accepted Answer

A)   enjoy being negatively reinforced or punished.
B)   dislike being negatively reinforced or punished.
C)   enjoy being negatively reinforced and dislike being punished.
D)   enjoy being punished and dislike being negatively reinforced.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 6: Learning

Compare the acquisition procedures in classical and operant conditioning.What is the essential difference between the two types of conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified
In classical conditioning,a neutral stim...
View Answer

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

What is extinction? How does it differ from forgetting?

Correct Answer
verified
In classical conditioning extinction occ...
View Answer

Typically,most people would

Correct Answer
verified

Primary reinforcers are effective because

Correct Answer
verified

In the Little Albert experiment on conditioned emotional responses,the unconditioned stimulus was

Correct Answer
verified

You eat a new food and that night become ill with nausea and vomiting.Later you experience nausea whenever you taste or smell the new food.Why did you not associate your nausea with the cues of the room,the people present,the bathroom,and so on?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Cassie asked her father for a candy bar at the grocery store,and her father bought her the candy bar.If Cassie asks for more candy bars in the future,the candy bar has acted as a

Correct Answer
verified

Learning to tie one's shoes is most likely acquired via the process of

Correct Answer
verified

On a cumulative recorder,a rapid response rate produces a(n)____________________ slope.

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning,the stimulus that naturally evokes an unlearned response is the

Correct Answer
verified

When Lindsay was nine years old,the neighbor's chihuahua bit her on the ankle.Today Lindsay is still terrified of chihuahuas,but she likes almost all other types of dogs.Lindsay's fear illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Correct Answer
verified

Your younger daughter watches your older daughter wash the breakfast dishes.Later,your younger daughter attempts to wash some dishes.The older daughter has acted as

Correct Answer
verified

When a researcher does not reinforce every correct response that an organism makes,it is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

An antecedent in a behavior modification program is

Correct Answer
verified

Carson used to enjoy lime sherbet,and when he was in Mexico he tried frozen lime margaritas.After his fourth margarita Carson became extremely ill.Now he finds that even the sight of lime sherbet in a bowl can make him feel queasy.In this example,the unconditioned stimulus is

Correct Answer
verified

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie,her grandmother usually gives her one.Last week at the park,Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies.Kristen's behavior illustrates the concept of

Correct Answer
verified

Bart used to go to his health club every day after work because he almost always saw Abigail there.For two full weeks Abigail wasn't at the club when Bart went there for his workout,and now Bart has stopped going to his health club.This example illustrates the operant conditioning process of

Correct Answer
verified

A schedule of reinforcement is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Learning

Compare the acquisition procedures in classical and operant conditioning.What is the essential difference between the two types of conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedIn classical conditioning,a neutral stim...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is extinction? How does it differ from forgetting?

Correct AnswerverifiedIn classical conditioning extinction occ...View AnswerShow Answer

Typically,most people would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary reinforcers are effective because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Little Albert experiment on conditioned emotional responses,the unconditioned stimulus was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You eat a new food and that night become ill with nausea and vomiting.Later you experience nausea whenever you taste or smell the new food.Why did you not associate your nausea with the cues of the room,the people present,the bathroom,and so on?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cassie asked her father for a candy bar at the grocery store,and her father bought her the candy bar.If Cassie asks for more candy bars in the future,the candy bar has acted as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learning to tie one's shoes is most likely acquired via the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On a cumulative recorder,a rapid response rate produces a(n)____________________ slope.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning,the stimulus that naturally evokes an unlearned response is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Lindsay was nine years old,the neighbor's chihuahua bit her on the ankle.Today Lindsay is still terrified of chihuahuas,but she likes almost all other types of dogs.Lindsay's fear illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your younger daughter watches your older daughter wash the breakfast dishes.Later,your younger daughter attempts to wash some dishes.The older daughter has acted as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a researcher does not reinforce every correct response that an organism makes,it is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antecedent in a behavior modification program is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carson used to enjoy lime sherbet,and when he was in Mexico he tried frozen lime margaritas.After his fourth margarita Carson became extremely ill.Now he finds that even the sight of lime sherbet in a bowl can make him feel queasy.In this example,the unconditioned stimulus is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie,her grandmother usually gives her one.Last week at the park,Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies.Kristen's behavior illustrates the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bart used to go to his health club every day after work because he almost always saw Abigail there.For two full weeks Abigail wasn't at the club when Bart went there for his workout,and now Bart has stopped going to his health club.This example illustrates the operant conditioning process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A schedule of reinforcement is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
In classical conditioning,a neutral stim...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
In classical conditioning extinction occ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified