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If a species of fruit fly needs a minimum amount of leaf surface area for mating,once there are enough fruit flies to occupy all mating spaces,the population is at carrying capacity.

A) True
B) False

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In a survivorship curve,a type II species,like a song bird,is a species that has


A) an equal probability of dying at any age.
B) a strong possibility of becoming extinct in a relatively short period of time.
C) the highest probability of dying as it reaches its maximum life span.
D) an extremely short life span.
E) the highest probability of dying at a very young age.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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In regards to a species' life history,equilibrium species


A) have only a few offspring.
B) are short-lived.
C) reproduce at an early age.
D) have a large number of offspring.
E) give very little care to their offspring.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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A density-independent factor is one that affects population without regard to the number of individuals per area.

A) True
B) False

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Ecologists study


A) prokaryotes only.
B) eukaryotes only.
C) interactions between all organisms.
D) plants and animals only.
E) animals only.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Which best describes the link between survivorship curves and opportunistic species?


A) Opportunistic species are limited by density-dependent factors and have few offspring.
B) Opportunistic species are limited by density-independent factors and have few offspring.
C) Opportunistic species are limited by density-independent factors and have many offspring.
D) Opportunistic species are limited by density-dependent factors and have many offspring.
E) No answer is correct.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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Researchers studying guppies in Trinidad found that guppies in streams with high predation reproduced earlier and more frequently.Which of the following is most important in driving the guppies to change their life history in face of predation?


A) The guppies are an equilibrium species.
B) The guppies are an opportunistic species.
C) Density-independent factors affect the guppy populations.
D) Density-dependent factors affect the guppy populations.
E) Sexual selection affects the guppy populations.

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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An example of a density-independent factor that affects a population's growth is


A) insects eating your tomato plants.
B) your tomato plants competing for water.
C) a fungus infecting your tomato plants.
D) frost killing all of your tomato plants.
E) All answers are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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If there are 10 tortoises on a 2 hectare island,the population density is 5 tortoises per hectare.

A) True
B) False

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A group of organisms of one species occupying a geographical location at the same time is a


A) population.
B) community.
C) peer group.
D) flock.
E) herd.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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