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President Truman was not willing to risk war with the Soviets by undertaking an American military response to Stalin's 1948 decision to blockade Berlin.

A) True
B) False

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During the mid-1940s,the American economy


A) experienced few labor strikes.
B) was plagued by serious inflation.
C) witnessed a significant tax increase.
D) confronted a wave of unexpected bank failures.
E) fell back to depression conditions.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The government of Syngman Rhee in Korea after World War II


A) was remarkably democratic.
B) had a powerful military.
C) was supported by the Soviet Union.
D) was backed by communists in China.
E) was pro-Western.

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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In early 1945 at the Yalta Conference,


A) Joseph Stalin refused to agree to Roosevelt and Churchill's plans for the United Nations.
B) it was agreed that the Soviet Union should regain land lost in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War.
C) Joseph Stalin withdrew a promise to enter the Pacific war.
D) Winston Churchill left early in a dispute with Stalin.
E) Franklin Roosevelt was too ill to attend.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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During the Korean War,the Truman administration faced major strikes in the industries of


A) steel and textiles.
B) textiles and coal.
C) coal and rail.
D) rail and steel.
E) rail and textiles.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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As a result of the Korean War,the


A) stature of the American military increased.
B) government reduced the amount of money it was pumping into the economy.
C) American public felt reassured that communism was being contained.
D) American economy was dragged into a recession.
E) American public believed there was something wrong with the United States.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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dealt a blow to


A) communism in the United States.
B) voter discrimination.
C) Truman's plans for national health care.
D) labor unions.
E) housing discrimination.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947


A) permitted the "closed shop."
B) was supported by President Truman.
C) prohibited states from passing "right-to-work" laws.
D) expanded the Wagner Act.
E) permitted the "union shop."

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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What was President Truman's "Fair Deal," and to what degree was it successful?

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Beginning in 1947,the United States' policy of "containment" was


A) None of these answers is correct.
B) both the basis for its foreign policy for more than forty years, and an extension of the Atlantic Charter.
C) the basis for its foreign policy for more than forty years.
D) first applied in Poland.
E) an extension of the Atlantic Charter.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Marshall Plan assistance was eventually accepted by sixteen nations.

A) True
B) False

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What role did wartime diplomacy,personalities,and tensions play in the coming of the Cold War?

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In 1945,when Harry Truman became president,he


A) was already drawing up plans for his "Truman Doctrine."
B) believed Joseph Stalin could be trusted.
C) looked to Great Britain to contain the Soviet Union.
D) had almost no familiarity with foreign affairs.
E) renounced the Yalta accords signed by Roosevelt.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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In designing the structure of the new United Nations,planners called for


A) a General Assembly in which select nations would have voting rights.
B) Germany and Japan to be added to the Security Council after 25 years.
C) the president of the UN to be selected from one of the five major powers.
D) each nation on the Security Council to have veto power over the others.
E) membership to be limited to one hundred nations.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Of the following,the HUAC investigation of Alger Hiss primarily helped the political career of


A) John Kennedy.
B) Ronald Reagan.
C) Lyndon B.Johnson.
D) Joseph McCarthy.
E) Richard Nixon.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations proved there were 205 communists in the State Department.

A) True
B) False

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Following World War II,the great majority of working American women


A) voluntarily left the labor force.
B) kept the same jobs they had had during the war.
C) wanted to keep working.
D) found themselves excluded from nearly all employment.
E) moved to jobs outside the service sector.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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In 1949,the North Atlantic Treaty Organization


A) was created in response to the Soviet Union's Warsaw Pact.
B) called for a de-militarized zone across Western Europe.
C) both was created in response to the Soviet Union's Warsaw Pact, and declared that an attack on one member nation was an attack on all.
D) All these answers are correct.
E) declared that an attack on one member nation was an attack on all.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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NSC-68 presumed that the United States could not necessarily rely on other nations to take the initiative in resisting communism.

A) True
B) False

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The United States was motivated to develop the Marshall Plan in 1947 due to


A) a desire to create strong European markets for American goods.
B) a desire to roll back communism from East Asia.
C) All these answers are correct.
D) both a humanitarian concern for the European people, and a desire to create strong European markets for American goods.
E) a humanitarian concern for the European people.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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