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Pre-Civil War rural communities of the Northwest were usually populated by a diverse mix of ethnic groups.

A) True
B) False

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In 1860,the typical white male American of the Old Northwest (today's Midwest) was


A) an industrial worker.
B) the owner of a family farm.
C) a marginal farmer.
D) an urban artisan.
E) a farmhand who did not own his own land.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In the 1840s,the dominant immigrant group in New England textile mills was the


A) English.
B) Germans.
C) Italians.
D) Irish.
E) Chinese.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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When the Lowell factory system began,


A) the workday ended when production quotas were met.
B) craftsmen were part of the production system.
C) workers had few benefits outside of a set wage scale.
D) workers were fairly well paid and lived in supervised dormitories.
E) workers rarely stopped working in the mills until retirement.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The pre-Civil War "cult of domesticity" left women increasingly detached from the public world.

A) True
B) False

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As of the middle of the nineteenth century,the typical citizen of the Northwest was a poor,marginal farmer.

A) True
B) False

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Prior to 1860,class conflict in the United States


A) decreased as immigration diversified society.
B) increased as the size of the middle class decreased.
C) was limited by a high degree of mobility within the working class.
D) increased, as most of the working class dropped down the economic ladder.
E) increased as a result of geographical mobility.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Describe the major features of American middle-class life during the first half of the nineteenth century.

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Threshers appeared in large numbers after 1820,spurring much greater productivity in grain production.

A) True
B) False

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As the factory system progressed into the 1840s,


A) many mill girls moved into management roles in the factory system.
B) wages rose, while working hours increased to ten hours.
C) female workers staged a successful strike for better living conditions.
D) the owners increasingly used immigrants as their labor force.
E) a paternalistic management system was developed.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Early American Victorian homes were characterized by


A) dark colors, and rooms crowded with heavy furniture.
B) spare and simple designs that emphasized natural light.
C) all members of a family sharing one bedroom.
D) a lack of parlors and dining rooms.
E) small rooms, and a reduction in total living space.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Prior to 1860,American urban society


A) saw Irish immigrants have fewer rights than free blacks.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) saw wealthy people move toward the outer edges of cities.
D) considered the conspicuous display of wealth to be poor social behavior.
E) included a substantial number of destitute poor.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The commercial and industrial growth in the United States prior to 1860 resulted in


A) decreasing disparities in income between the rich and poor.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) a significant rise in income for nearly all Americans.
D) increasing disparities in income between the rich and poor.
E) a significant decrease in income for nearly all Americans.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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How did the rise of the factory system change the American family?

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The Erie Canal was the greatest construction project Americans had ever undertaken.

A) True
B) False

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Examine technological developments in America between 1800 and 1860.What are the characteristic features in the advances made throughout this period?

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What factors encouraged the growth of a labor union movement in the United States? Why did it ultimately fail to develop into a powerful force before the Civil War?

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Despite contrasts between great wealth and great poverty,there was very little overt class conflict in pre-Civil War America.

A) True
B) False

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All of the following statements regarding American leisure activities prior to 1860 are true EXCEPT that


A) popular tastes in public spectacle tended toward the bizarre and fantastic.
B) reading was a principal leisure activity among affluent Americans.
C) minstrel shows were increasingly popular.
D) unpaid vacations were becoming common among the middle class.
E) men gravitated to taverns for drinking, talking, and game-playing.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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After 1852,the "Know-Nothings" created a new political organization called the


A) Copperheads.
B) American Party.
C) Republican Party.
D) Libertarian Party.
E) Nativist Party.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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