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A firm with a very good product


A) has a higher cost of signaling (advertising) than does a firm with an inferior product.
B) has more to gain by signaling (advertising) than does a firm with an inferior product.
C) does not need to signal (advertise) because the product's quality speaks for itself.
D) will signal (advertise) effectively if signaling is free.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Your friend tells you that her dad just suffered from a stroke because his blood pressure and cholesterol were too high. You know that your own father also has high blood pressure so you become worried that he will also have a stroke. This is an example of which systematic mistake that people make?

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People give too much...

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You own an ice cream store and are concerned that an employee may be giving generous scoops to friends and relatives and smaller scoops to some other customers. This may be reducing sales. In this example, you are the


A) principal and the your employee is the agent.
B) agent and the your employee is the principal.
C) signaler and the your employee is the screener.
D) screener and the owner of the coffee ship is the signaler.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Table 22-21 The following table shows the number of voters preferring various amounts of spending to develop a river to make it more attractive for canoeing and kayaking. Table 22-21 The following table shows the number of voters preferring various amounts of spending to develop a river to make it more attractive for canoeing and kayaking.    -Refer to Table 22-21. Suppose on election day that the voters with a preference for less than $1.5 million do not show up to vote on a choice to spend either $2 million or $2.5 million. In this case, what is the preferred spending amount of the median voter (among those who actually cast a vote) ? A)  $2 million and $2 million wins. B)  $2 million, but $2.5 million wins. C)  $2.5 million, and $2.5 million wins. D)  $2.5 million, but $2 million wins. -Refer to Table 22-21. Suppose on election day that the voters with a preference for less than $1.5 million do not show up to vote on a choice to spend either $2 million or $2.5 million. In this case, what is the preferred spending amount of the median voter (among those who actually cast a vote) ?


A) $2 million and $2 million wins.
B) $2 million, but $2.5 million wins.
C) $2.5 million, and $2.5 million wins.
D) $2.5 million, but $2 million wins.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The classic example of adverse selection is the


A) market for used cars.
B) market for new cars.
C) relationship between shareholders and managers.
D) relationship between a coach and an athlete.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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An implication of the median voter theorem is that, in a race between Republicans and Democrats,


A) if Republicans want to win, they will take a "middle­of­the­road" stance on many issues.
B) if Democrats want to win, they will take an extreme stance on many issues.
C) Republicans and Democrats go to extremes to differentiate themselves from one another.
D) Republicans and Democrats work hard to identify the fringe voters.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following sets of preferences satisfies the property of transitivity?


A) Cookies are preferred to pie. Pie is preferred to brownies. Cookies are preferred to brownies.
B) Cookies are preferred to pie. Brownies are preferred to pie. Pie is preferred to cookies.
C) Cookies are preferred to ice cream. Ice cream is preferred to brownies. Brownies are preferred to cookies.
D) Cookies are preferred to pie. Ice cream is preferred to cookies. Pie is preferred to ice cream.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The ultimatum game reveals that


A) it does not make sense to try to maximize profits.
B) people may have an innate sense of fairness that economic theory does not capture.
C) people may have an innate sense of fairness that economic theory does not capture.
D) offering someone a wildly unfair outcome is usually ok since people tend to make decisions using a "something is better than nothing" philosophy.
D) Both a and

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Table 22-7 Suppose that residents of a town are asked to vote on the best way to improve the safety of an intersection. The three choices are: a stoplight, a 4-way stop, and a 2-way stop. The voters are divided into three groups based on their preferences. Voter Type Table 22-7 Suppose that residents of a town are asked to vote on the best way to improve the safety of an intersection. The three choices are: a stoplight, a 4-way stop, and a 2-way stop. The voters are divided into three groups based on their preferences. Voter Type    -Refer to Table 22-7. If the vote were conducted according to a Borda count system where each person's first choice receives 3 points, second choice 2 points, and third choice 1 point, the result would be A)  a 2-way stop. B)  a 4-way stop. C)  a stoplight D)  a tie between a 2-way stop and a stoplight. -Refer to Table 22-7. If the vote were conducted according to a Borda count system where each person's first choice receives 3 points, second choice 2 points, and third choice 1 point, the result would be


A) a 2-way stop.
B) a 4-way stop.
C) a stoplight
D) a tie between a 2-way stop and a stoplight.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The science of economics is a finished jewel, perfect and unchanging.

A) True
B) False

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The tendency of many people to procrastinate supports the view that people are consistent over time.

A) True
B) False

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Table 22-19 The 600 voters of Appleton are deciding by majority rule how much to spend on a new library. Table 22-19 The 600 voters of Appleton are deciding by majority rule how much to spend on a new library.    -Refer to Table 22-19. If an election were held between spending $2 million and $4 million, the median voter would vote for A)  $2 million and $2 million would win. B)  $2 million and $2 million would win. C)  $4 million and $2 million would win. D)  $4 million and $4 million would win. -Refer to Table 22-19. If an election were held between spending $2 million and $4 million, the median voter would vote for


A) $2 million and $2 million would win.
B) $2 million and $2 million would win.
C) $4 million and $2 million would win.
D) $4 million and $4 million would win.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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How have insights from the field of psychology influenced the thinking of economists in recent years?

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Insights from psychology have led some e...

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The problem that results from an agent, who is imperfectly monitored by the principal, engaging in dishonest or otherwise undesirable behavior is called

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Martha routinely has her prescriptions filled at her local SVC pharmacy. Each time that Martha goes to pick up a prescription, there is some problem and Martha has to return to the pharmacy later to get the prescription. Martha finds these return trips very annoying and time-consuming, but continues to request that her doctor send her prescriptions to this pharmacy even though there are several other options in her town. Which of the following is correct?


A) Economists would say that Martha is behaving rationally.
B) Martha's behavior appears to exhibit inertib.
C) Martha's behavior is inconsistent over time.
D) Martha gives too much weight to a small number of vivid observations.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Suppose you are covered under health insurance or belong to a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) , and you are insured against all or most of the costs of visits to the doctor. As a result you are likely to make greater use of medical services of all kinds. This tendency of people with insurance to change their behavior in a way that leads to more claims against the insurance company is called


A) adverse selection.
B) moral hazard.
C) screening
D) signaling.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The Condorcet voting paradox demonstrates that democratic outcomes do not always obey the property of


A) narrowness of preferences.
B) concavity of preferences.
C) asymmetry of preferences.
D) transitivity of preferences.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Arrow's impossibility theorem states that the majority rule fails to produce transitive preferences for society.

A) True
B) False

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What insight into human behavior do economist learn from observing people playing the ultimatum game?

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People car...

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Table 22-15 Diane, Henry, and Linda are voting for who to promote. They can only promote one candidate. Their preferences are given in the table below. Table 22-15 Diane, Henry, and Linda are voting for who to promote. They can only promote one candidate. Their preferences are given in the table below.    -Refer to Table 22-15. If elections were held where voters choose either Beth or Mary, and then choose either the winner or Fred, what would the results be? A)  Beth would win both elections. B)  Beth would win the first election and Fred would win the second election. C)  Mary would win the first and second elections. D)  Mary would win the first election and Fred would win the second election. -Refer to Table 22-15. If elections were held where voters choose either Beth or Mary, and then choose either the winner or Fred, what would the results be?


A) Beth would win both elections.
B) Beth would win the first election and Fred would win the second election.
C) Mary would win the first and second elections.
D) Mary would win the first election and Fred would win the second election.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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