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In terms of the buying center,which of the following statement is INACCURATE?


A) A buying center means that a committee is formed, with individuals designated as a gatekeeper, influencer, etc
B) Cross-functional sourcing teams are formal examples of buying centers and are growing in use
C) The buying center is a changing, complex, and informal group
D) Initiators may not be involved again once they've set the purchase in motion
E) Initiators may also act as influencers and as gatekeepers

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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According to the expanded buying determinants theory,policies supporting vertical and horizontal dimensions are:


A) Organizational factors
B) Individual factors
C) Market factors
D) Environmental factors
E) Demographic factors

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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According to the buying determinants theory,how do market factors impact how decisions are made?

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Market factors are the characteristics o...

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Organizational markets are relatively small in terms of the number of customers.

A) True
B) False

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In organizational buying,the _____ starts the purchase process by recognizing the need.


A) Controller
B) Initiator
C) Influencer
D) Gatekeeper
E) Purchasing agent

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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One characteristic of buying centers is that members come and go.This characteristic is called:


A) Vertical dimension
B) Company orientation
C) Formalization
D) Time fragmentation
E) Horizontal dimension

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Gatekeepers control information between members of a group.

A) True
B) False

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Choosing an off-brand for service could be a(n) _____,designed to maximize gain through saving the company the most money or making a name for oneself as an innovator.


A) Offensive strategy
B) Horizontal dimension
C) Intrinsic reward
D) Extrinsic reward
E) Defensive strategy

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Buyers collect information to reduce risk.In terms of the sources of information,which of the following statements is TRUE?


A) Commercial sources are relied on more heavily than are noncommercial sources
B) Personal sources are more widely used early in the process
C) Compared to personal sources, impersonal sources grow in importance over the course of the decision
D) Buyers constantly review noncommercial and commercial sources, even when no purchase is imminent
E) Commercial sources are those sources outside the control of the marketer

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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In Egypt,Islamic values of honor and family loyalty often guide buyer behavior.This best illustrates the fact that buyer behavior is influenced by:


A) Technology
B) Cultural values
C) Government's actions
D) Economical factors
E) Religious beliefs

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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If a piece of equipment breaks down while under warranty and the breakdown does not slow down production,_____ risk would be realized.


A) Performance
B) Financial
C) Performance and financial
D) Social
E) Environmental

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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This is a noncommercial,impersonal source of information.


A) Web sites
B) Word of mouth from consultants
C) Trade publications
D) Telemarketing
E) Word-of-mouth from colleagues

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about market factors is FALSE?


A) Market factors include the number and relative size of competitors
B) Market factors are the characteristics of the market that influence buyer behavior
C) Relative size of buyers can make an impact on buying behavior
D) The number of competitors can be affected by the availability of substitutes
E) Organizational markets are relatively large in terms of the number of customers

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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In terms of the buying center,horizontal dimensions imply:


A) How many departments are involved
B) How many layers of management are involved
C) The degree to which purchasing tasks and roles are defined
D) The latitude that a buying center member has in choosing how to go about making the purchase
E) The probability of an outcome and the importance or cost associated with the outcome

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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In terms of the buying center,decisions concerning component parts tend to be "wide".

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is a challenge specific to marketers operating within wide buying centers?


A) Needs and purchasing motivations vary greatly
B) Many different people must be reached in order to accomplish a sale
C) Company policies and procedures may limit the choice of buying activities
D) The terms of payment are not important
E) Length of time taken in the decision-making process

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Self-orientation and company orientation operate independently.

A) True
B) False

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Getting as many people involved as possible in order to share the blame if things go wrong is an example of:


A) Self-efficacy
B) Offensive strategies
C) Company orientation
D) Defensive strategies
E) Self-orientation

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Write a short note on time fragmentation?

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One characteristic of buying centers is ...

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Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reward?


A) Salary
B) Satisfaction
C) Promotion
D) Praise
E) Bonus

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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