Question 1

Which of the following is the BEST description of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn taking with the parents.
B)   The caregiver and infant focus on the same object or event.
C)   Mothers and their infants interact in a dance-like pattern of closely coordinated actions.
D)   The child is presented with a series of introductions,separations,and reunions with the caregiver.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

An inhibited temperament has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   low thyroxine level.
B)   stable heart rate.
C)   high level of the hormone cortisol.
D)   high activity in the right frontal lobe of the brain.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

According to Erikson,_____ are keys to establishing a basic trust in infants.

Accepted Answer

A)   physical comfort and sensitive care
B)   feeding and physical comfort
C)   contact comfort and feeding
D)   oral satisfaction and physical comfortE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Identify the smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli.It happens during the month after birth and usually during sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the smile that does not occur...

Question 5

Which of the following is an "other-conscious" emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Interest
B)   Pride
C)   Disgust
D)   FearE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Betty and Allen's child,Cara,is usually in a pleasant mood.She has a regular routine but can readily adapt to changes.According to Chess and Thomas,Cara would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)   a passive child.
B)   an easy child.
C)   a slow-to-warm-up child.
D)   an inhibited child.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

The recent focus on _____ emphasizes that individuals can engage in a more cognitive,flexible approach to stressful circumstances.

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion
B)   extreme inhibition
C)   negative affectivity
D)   effortful controlE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction.These researchers are studying the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)   trust.
B)   attachment.
C)   temperament.
D)   sense of self.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

According to Rothbart and Bates' new classification of temperament,in which category would Kagan's uninhibited children fit into?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-regulation
B)   Negative affectivity
C)   Extraversion/surgency
D)   Effortful controlE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cognition
B)   Communication
C)   Sensation
D)   SucklingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding separation protests

Accepted Answer

A)   The percentage of infants who engaged in separation protest varied across cultures.
B)   Infants reached a peak of protest at about the same age across cultures.
C)   It is initially displayed by infants at approximately 10 to 12 months.
D)   It peaks at about 15 months among U.S.infants.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

When one-month-old Mai is sleeping,it often looks like she is smiling.This is an example of a _____ smile.

Accepted Answer

A)   private
B)   reflexive
C)   natural
D)   socialE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Feelings or affects that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her,especially to his or her well-being are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   temperament.
B)   emotions.
C)   personality trait.
D)   feeling states.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Distinguish between primary emotions and self-conscious or other-conscious emotions.Give an example of each type of emotion.

Accepted Answer

Primary emotions are emotions that are p...

Question 15

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,how long does phase 1 last?

Accepted Answer

A)   From 10 to 18 months
B)   From birth to 2 months
C)   From 2 to 7 months
D)   From 18 to 24 monthsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Erik Erikson describes the second stage of personality development as the stage of _____ versus shame and doubt.

Accepted Answer

A)   curiosity
B)   dependence
C)   autonomy
D)   fearE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,which of the following is the time period for phase 3?

Accepted Answer

A)   From birth to 2 months
B)   From 2 to 7 months
C)   From 7 to 24 months
D)   From 24 months onE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Two-month-old Trey is crying loudly.It is a sudden long,initial loud cry followed by breath holding.This type of cry indicates that Trey is:

Accepted Answer

A)   experiencing pain.
B)   experiencing embarrassment.
C)   very angry.
D)   very hungry.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

According to Freud,infants become attached to the person or object:

Accepted Answer

A)   that is perceived to be a non-stranger.
B)   that provides physical comfort.
C)   that provides oral satisfaction.
D)   that provides a sense of trust.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following statements about emotions is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Emotions are generally classified as positive or negative.
B)   Emotions are influenced by biological foundations and experiences.
C)   The ability to regulate emotions is present at birth.
D)   Emotions are the first language with which parents and infants communicate.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

According to Rothbart and Bates' new classification of temperament,in which category would Kagan's uninhibited children fit into?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Betty and Allen's child,Cara,is usually in a pleasant mood.She has a regular routine but can readily adapt to changes.According to Chess and Thomas,Cara would be classified as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erik Erikson describes the second stage of personality development as the stage of _____ versus shame and doubt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between primary emotions and self-conscious or other-conscious emotions.Give an example of each type of emotion.

Correct AnswerverifiedPrimary emotions are emotions that are p...View AnswerShow Answer

Two-month-old Trey is crying loudly.It is a sudden long,initial loud cry followed by breath holding.This type of cry indicates that Trey is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,how long does phase 1 last?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,infants become attached to the person or object:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the BEST description of scaffolding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding separation protests

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According to Erikson,_____ are keys to establishing a basic trust in infants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inhibited temperament has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feelings or affects that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her,especially to his or her well-being are known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment,which of the following is the time period for phase 3?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an "other-conscious" emotion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When one-month-old Mai is sleeping,it often looks like she is smiling.This is an example of a _____ smile.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction.These researchers are studying the concept of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli.It happens during the month after birth and usually during sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The recent focus on _____ emphasizes that individuals can engage in a more cognitive,flexible approach to stressful circumstances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about emotions is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Primary emotions are emotions that are p...
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