Question 1

Evidence that people exhibit heightened levels of prejudice when they are economically frustrated offers support for

Accepted Answer

A)   outgroup homogeneity.
B)   the other-race effect.
C)   the scapegoat theory.
D)   the frustration-aggression principle.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Worldwide,anti-gay attitudes are most common among ________ and those who are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   women;highly educated
B)   men;highly educated
C)   men;less educated
D)   women;less educatedE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

People may unconsciously harbor negative racial associations.This best illustrates the subtle nature of

Accepted Answer

A)   explicit prejudice.
B)   discrimination.
C)   social scripts.
D)   implicit prejudice.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

New Zealanders of Chinese descent and European descent were asked to quickly classify faces with blended Chinese and Caucasian physical features.Compared with observers of Chinese descent,observers of European descent more readily classified ambiguous faces as

Accepted Answer

A)   Caucasian.
B)   Chinese.
C)   Australian.
D)   American.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

The tendency to favor "us" rather than "them" is called

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious patronization.
B)   the other-race effect.
C)   an implicit association.
D)   ingroup bias.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates.As a result,his bullying behavior increases.This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction to frustration.
B)   instinctive behavior.
C)   learned response.
D)   product of ingroup bias.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Ray voices his belief that those who are gay are living immorally,which is an example of a(n) ________ prejudice.Chad disagrees with Ray's attitude toward gays,but does not realize that he makes no effort to meet or make friends with gays,which indicates a(n) _______ prejudice.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit;explicit
B)   subtle;explicit
C)   explicit;implicit
D)   implicit;overtE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

After a month of watching violent pornographic movies on late-night cable TV,Myron will probably be

Accepted Answer

A)   less likely to believe that women enjoy aggressive sexual treatment.
B)   more likely to believe that rape is a serious crime.
C)   more likely to accept the use of coercion against women.
D)   less likely to believe that rape occurs quite frequently in society.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Marshall,who is not a college athlete,thinks that all college athletes behave the same and have the same attitudes toward nonathletes.Marshall's thinking illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   a social script.
B)   ingroup bias.
C)   outgroup homogeneity.
D)   the hindsight bias.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Studies of identical and fraternal twins indicating that violent behavior is more likely to be shared by identical twins demonstrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   the environment.
B)   culture.
C)   genes.
D)   social scripts.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which situation is LEAST likely to produce the level of frustration that could lead to increased violence?

Accepted Answer

A)   foul odors coming from a sewer into a neighborhood
B)   increased global temperatures due to global warming
C)   a crowded bus with no air conditioning on a hot summer day
D)   driving to work,with normal traffic,on a cool fall dayE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Believing that wealthy people deserve to be robbed because of their ill-gotten gains best illustrates a potential consequence of

Accepted Answer

A)   outgroup homogeneity.
B)   ingroup bias.
C)   the other-race effect.
D)   the just-world phenomenon.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Jorge is a pitcher for his high school baseball team.In a game against his school's biggest rival,he gave up a home run,which gave the opponents the lead.When the next batter came up,Jorge hit him with a fastball and was ejected from the game.Jorge's behavior illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   blaming the victim.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   the frustration-aggression principle.
D)   scapegoat theory.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Shortly after learning that he did not make it onto his high school football team,Alex vandalized the team's locker room and broke several of the school's windows.His behavior is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   social scripts.
B)   the hindsight bias.
C)   ingroup bias.
D)   the frustration-aggression principle.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Repeated exposure to sexually explicit films causes viewers to

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease men's readiness to behave aggressively toward women and to be less accepting of short prison sentences for convicted rapists.
B)   increase men's readiness to behave aggressively toward women and to be less accepting of short prison sentences for convicted rapists.
C)   increase men's readiness to behave aggressively toward women and to be more accepting of short prison sentences for convicted rapists.
D)   decrease men's readiness to behave aggressively toward women and to be more accepting of short prison sentences for convicted rapists.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   social scripts.
B)   ingroup bias.
C)   hindsight bias.
D)   the just-world phenomenon.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Jordan does not spank her 5-year-old son and uses positive verbal reinforcement to encourage more positive behavior.Jordan is trying to create a nonviolent,positive ________ for her son.

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotype
B)   social facilitation
C)   hindsight bias
D)   social scriptE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Mrs.Sanders is a second-grade teacher.She believes in equality for all of her students,but she disciplines her White students less harshly than she does her Black students.Mrs.Sanders illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit prejudice.
B)   discrimination.
C)   normative social influence.
D)   explicit prejudice.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Jonathan,who attends Cloverdale High School,believes that all students at his school are friendlier than those who attend nearby Smith Valley High School.His belief best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   scapegoat theory.
B)   the just-world phenomenon.
C)   social scripts.
D)   ingroup bias.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following can amplify racial bias in decisions by police officers to shoot a suspect?

Accepted Answer

A)   fatigue
B)   prejudice
C)   discrimination
D)   negative attitudesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 43: Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Marshall,who is not a college athlete,thinks that all college athletes behave the same and have the same attitudes toward nonathletes.Marshall's thinking illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Worldwide,anti-gay attitudes are most common among ________ and those who are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ray voices his belief that those who are gay are living immorally,which is an example of a(n) ________ prejudice.Chad disagrees with Ray's attitude toward gays,but does not realize that he makes no effort to meet or make friends with gays,which indicates a(n) _______ prejudice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repeated exposure to sexually explicit films causes viewers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shortly after learning that he did not make it onto his high school football team,Alex vandalized the team's locker room and broke several of the school's windows.His behavior is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Believing that wealthy people deserve to be robbed because of their ill-gotten gains best illustrates a potential consequence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to favor "us" rather than "them" is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jonathan,who attends Cloverdale High School,believes that all students at his school are friendlier than those who attend nearby Smith Valley High School.His belief best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence that people exhibit heightened levels of prejudice when they are economically frustrated offers support for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New Zealanders of Chinese descent and European descent were asked to quickly classify faces with blended Chinese and Caucasian physical features.Compared with observers of Chinese descent,observers of European descent more readily classified ambiguous faces as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jorge is a pitcher for his high school baseball team.In a game against his school's biggest rival,he gave up a home run,which gave the opponents the lead.When the next batter came up,Jorge hit him with a fastball and was ejected from the game.Jorge's behavior illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People may unconsciously harbor negative racial associations.This best illustrates the subtle nature of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jordan does not spank her 5-year-old son and uses positive verbal reinforcement to encourage more positive behavior.Jordan is trying to create a nonviolent,positive ________ for her son.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mrs.Sanders is a second-grade teacher.She believes in equality for all of her students,but she disciplines her White students less harshly than she does her Black students.Mrs.Sanders illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates.As a result,his bullying behavior increases.This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can amplify racial bias in decisions by police officers to shoot a suspect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which situation is LEAST likely to produce the level of frustration that could lead to increased violence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a month of watching violent pornographic movies on late-night cable TV,Myron will probably be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of identical and fraternal twins indicating that violent behavior is more likely to be shared by identical twins demonstrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Worldwide,anti-gay attitudes are most common among and those who are .

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Ray voices his belief that those who are gay are living immorally,which is an example of a(n) __ prejudice.Chad disagrees with Ray's attitude toward gays,but does not realize that he makes no effort to meet or make friends with gays,which indicates a(n) _ prejudice.

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