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The purchase of assets at below their replacement cost and tax considerations are two factors that motivate mergers.

A) True
B) False

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By examining stock prices around merger announcement dates, event studies provide inconclusive results that mergers benefit only targets, not acquirers.

A) True
B) False

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Which statement best describes mergers?


A) The acquiring firm's required rate of return in most horizontal mergers will not be affected, because the two firms will have similar betas.
B) Financial theory says that the choice of how to pay for a merger is irrelevant because although it may affect the firm's capital structure, it will not affect its overall required rate of return.
C) The basic rationale for any consolidation is financial synergy and, thus, the estimation of pro forma cash flows is the single most important part of the analysis.
D) The primary rationale for most operating mergers is synergy.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Kelly Tubes is considering a merger with Reilly Tires. Reilly's market-determined beta is 0.9, and the firm currently is financed with 20% debt, at an interest rate of 8%, and its tax rate is 25%. If Kelly acquires Reilly, it will increase the debt to 60%, at an interest rate of 9%, and the tax rate will increase to 35%. The risk-free rate is 6% and the market risk premium is 4%. What will Reilly's required rate of return on equity be after it is acquired?


A) 7.4%
B) 8.9%
C) 9.3%
D) 9.7%

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Scenario Maritime TV Emporium, a national retailer of flat panel screens, is investigating an opportunity to purchase Maritime TV and Sound Inc. An acquisition is expected to lower overhead costs, improve distribution efficiencies, and improve ordering volumes from the major manufactures. If those improvements (synergies) are implemented, TV Emporium financial staff estimates the following incremental net cash flows to be $5 million, $5.6 million, and $6.9 million for the first three years. Cash flows would grow at 3% thereafter. Maritime TV and Sound's tax rate is 30%. Its cost of equity is 10%. -Refer to Scenario Maritime.What is the highest price TV Emporium pays for Maritime?


A) $67.75 million
B) $76.28 million
C) $81.10 million
D) $90.64 million

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The distribution of synergistic gains between the stockholders of two merged firms is almost always based strictly on their respective market values before the announcement of the merger.

A) True
B) False

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The appropriate discount rate to be used when calculating the NPV of a target company is the cost of equity of the target company.

A) True
B) False

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In a carve-out, a majority interest in a corporate subsidiary is sold to new shareholders, so the parent gains new equity financing yet retains control.

A) True
B) False

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A shareholder rights plan allowing existing shareholders to buy or sell shares at very attractive prices provides the acquirer an inexpensive way for takeovers.

A) True
B) False

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Blazer Inc. is thinking of acquiring Laker Company. Blazer expects Laker's NOPAT to be $9 million the first year, with no net new investment in operating capital and no interest expense. For the second year, Laker is expected to have NOPAT of $25 million and interest expense of $5 million. Also, in the second year only, Laker will need $10 million of net new investment in operating capital. Laker's marginal tax rate is 40%. After the second year, the free cash flows and the tax shields from Laker to Blazer will both grow at a constant rate of 4%. Blazer has determined that Laker's cost of equity is 17.5%, and Laker currently has no debt outstanding. Assuming that all cash flows occur at the end of the year, Blazer must pay $45 million to acquire Laker. What it the NPV of the proposed acquisition? Note that you must first calculate the value to Blazer of Laker's equity.


A) $ 45.0 million
B) $ 68.2 million
C) $ 94.1. million
D) $139.1 million

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The value of synergy can be estimated by the equation


A) VAB - VA - VB
B) VAB - VB - taxes
C) VA - VB - costs
D) VA + VB - revenues

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which statement best describes mergers?


A) The high Canadian dollar relative to foreign currencies makes Canadian companies comparatively inexpensive to foreign buyers, spurring many mergers.
B) The expansion of the junk bond market makes debt more freely available for large acquisitions and LBOs, resulting in an increased level of merger activity.
C) Increased nationalization of business and a desire to scale down and focus on producing in one's home country may virtually halt international mergers.

D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

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Scenario Dustvac Magiclean Corporation is considering the acquisition of Dustvac Company. Dustvac has a capital structure consisting of $5 million (market value) of 11% bonds and $10 million (market value) of common stock. Dustvac's pre-merger beta is 1.36. Magiclean's beta is 1.02, and both it and Dustvac face a 40% tax rate. Magiclean's capital structure is 40% debt and 60% equity. The free cash flows from Dustvac are estimated to be $3.0 million for each of the next 4 years and a horizon value of $10.0 million in Year 4. Tax savings are estimated to be $1 million for each of the next 4 years and a horizon value of $5 million in Year 4. New debt would be issued to finance the acquisition and retire the old debt, and this new debt would have an interest rate of 8%. Currently, the risk-free rate is 6.0% and the market risk premium is 4.0%. -Refer to Scenario Dustvac. What discount rate should you use to discount Dustvac's free cash flows and interest tax savings?


A) 10.01%
B) 10.06%
C) 11.34%
D) 11.44%

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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In a merger with true synergies, the post-merger value exceeds the sum of the separate companies' pre-merger values.

A) True
B) False

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Which statement best describes accounting for mergers?


A) Goodwill is amortized for shareholder reporting.
B) Goodwill is subject to impairment test for tax purposes.
C) Goodwill is no longer created in a merger.

D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

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MCorp, with a book value of $20 million and a market value of $30 million, has merged with NCorp, with a book value of $6 million and a market value of $8 million at a price of $9 million. Under the purchase method, what will be the total assets on the book of the new merged firm?


A) $26 million
B) $29 million
C) $38 million
D) $39 million

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What is NOT one of the defensive tactics firms use to fight off undesired mergers?


A) Developing poison pills
B) getting white knights to bid for the firm
C) repurchasing their own stock
D) issuing new shares at low prices on the market

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Coca-Cola's acquisition of Columbia Pictures and its announcement that it would operate its new subsidiary separately could be described as primarily a financial merger.

A) True
B) False

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Which statement best describes mergers?


A) The purchase of Red Lobster Restaurants initiated by Remax Realty is an example of conglomerate mergers.
B) A merger can be blocked either by a firm's customers or its suppliers, not the government.
C) The existence of golden parachutes is a reason that the management of a target company tries to block a takeover.
D) In a hostile takeover, the target company's management makes a tender offer asking its shareholders to sell their shares to the acquiring company.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Post-merger control and the negotiated price paid by the acquirer are two of the most important issues in agreeing on the terms of a merger.

A) True
B) False

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